@article { , title = {Mono- and tri-cationic porphyrin-monoclonal antibody conjugates: photodynamic activity and mechanism of action}, abstract = {Two cationic porphyrins bearing an isothiocyanate group for conjugation to monocolonal antibodies have been synthesized. The two porphyrins conjugated efficiently to three monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD104, anti-CD146 and anti-CD326), which recognize antigens commonly over-expressed on a range of tumour cells. In vitro, all conjugates retained the phototoxicity of the porphyrin and the immunoreactivity of the antibody. Mechanistic studies showed that conjugates formed from the mono- and tri-cationic porphyrin and anti-CD104 antibody mediated apoptosis following irradiation with non-thermal red light of 630±15nm wavelength. In vivo antibody conjugates caused suppression of human LoVo tumour growth in immunodeficient NIH III mice, similar to the commercial photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent Photofrin®, but at administered photosensitizer doses that were more than two orders of magnitude lower. Positron emission tomography (PET) following PDT showed a large, early increase in uptake of 18fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) by tumours treated with the anti-CD104 conjugates. This effect was not observed with Photofrin® or with conjugates formed from the same photosensitizers conjugated to an irrelevant antibody.}, doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2567.2010.03359.x}, eissn = {1365-2567}, issn = {0019-2805}, issue = {2}, journal = {IMMUNOLOGY}, note = {Batch 004. Output ID 28756. Please upload pdf 14/09/12}, pages = {256-265}, publicationstatus = {Published}, publisher = {Wiley}, url = {https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/400121}, volume = {132}, keyword = {Health and Health Inequalities, Specialist Research - Other, Bioconjugation, Head and neck cancer, Monoclonal antibody, Photodynamic therapy}, year = {2011}, author = {Smith, Karen and Malatesti, Nela and Cauchon, Nicole and Hunting, Darel and Lecomte, Roger and van Lier, Johan E. and Greenman, John and Boyle, Ross W.} }