Effect of home‐based resistance training performed with or without a high‐speed component in adults with severe obesity

Orange, Samuel T.; Marshall, Phil; Madden, Leigh A.; Vince, Rebecca V.

Abstract

1) To evaluate the effects of walking and home‐based resistance training on function, strength, power, anthropometry and quality of life (QoL) in adults with severe obesity, and 2) to assess whether performing resistance exercises with maximal concentric velocity provides additional benefits compared with traditional slow‐speed resistance training.

Methods
Adults with a body mass index of ≥40 kg/m2 were randomised to slow‐speed strength training (ST; n = 19) or high‐speed power training (PT; n = 19). Both groups completed a walking intervention and home‐based resistance training (2x/week for 6‐months). The PT group performed resistance exercises with maximal intended concentric velocity, whereas the ST group maintained a slow (2‐s) concentric velocity.

Results
At 6‐months, weight loss was ~3 kg in both groups. Both groups significantly improved function (gz = 1.04‐1.93), strength (gz = 0.65‐1.77), power (gz = 0.66‐0.85), contraction velocity (gz = 0.65‐1.12) and QoL (gz = 0.62‐1.54). Between‐group differences in shoulder press velocity (‐0.09 m·s‐1, gs = ‐0.95 [‐1.63, ‐0.28]) and six‐minute walk test (‐16.9 m, gs = ‐0.51 [‐1.16, 0.13]) favoured the PT group.

Conclusions
Home‐based resistance training and walking leads to significant improvements in functional and psychological measures in adults with severe obesity. In addition, considering the between‐group effect sizes and their uncertainty, performing resistance exercises with maximal concentric speed is a simple adjustment to conventional resistance training that yields negligible negative effects but potentially large benefits on walking capacity and upper‐limb contraction velocity.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Journal: Translational Sports Medicine
• Print ISSN: 2573-8488
• Electronic ISSN: 2573-8488
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• APA6 Citation: Orange, S. T., Marshall, P., Madden, L. A., & Vince, R. V. (in press). Effect of home‐based resistance training performed with or without a high‐speed component in adults with severe obesity. Translational Sports Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1002/tsm2.115
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tsm2.115
• Keywords: Exercise; Home-based exercise; Physical function; Power training; Resistance training; Severe obesity
• Publisher URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/tsm2.115
• Additional Information: Published: 2019-09-12