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Insights into the pathological basis of dementia from population-based neuropathology studies (2023)
Journal Article
Wharton, S. B., Simpson, J. E., Ince, P. G., Richardson, C. D., Merrick, R., Matthews, F. E., & Brayne, C. (2023). Insights into the pathological basis of dementia from population-based neuropathology studies. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, 49(4), Article e12923. https://doi.org/10.1111/nan.12923

The epidemiological neuropathology perspective of population and community-based studies allows unbiased assessment of the prevalence of various pathologies and their relationships to late-life dementia. In addition, this approach provides complement... Read More about Insights into the pathological basis of dementia from population-based neuropathology studies.

Predicting cognitive decline using neuropsychiatric symptoms in prodromal Lewy body dementia: A longitudinal study (2023)
Journal Article
Wright, L. M., Donaghy, P. C., Burn, D. J., Taylor, J. P., O'Brien, J. T., Yarnall, A. J., Matthews, F. E., Firbank, M. J., Thomas, A. J., & Lawson, R. A. (2023). Predicting cognitive decline using neuropsychiatric symptoms in prodromal Lewy body dementia: A longitudinal study. Parkinsonism and Related Disorders, 113, Article 105762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105762

Introduction: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Lewy body dementias (LBD) occur frequently and early in disease progression. Such symptoms are associated with worse quality of life, caregiver burden and functional limitations. Limited evidence exist... Read More about Predicting cognitive decline using neuropsychiatric symptoms in prodromal Lewy body dementia: A longitudinal study.

Time trends in neuropathology give clues to dementia risk reduction (2023)
Journal Article
Merrick, R., & Matthews, F. E. (2023). Time trends in neuropathology give clues to dementia risk reduction. Nature Reviews Neurology, 19(7), 389-390. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-023-00812-3

A new study sheds light on the declining incidence of dementia by examining trends in neuropathology over time in autopsy results from two large US cohorts. Although the prevalence of neurodegenerative pathologies remained similar, a reduction in the... Read More about Time trends in neuropathology give clues to dementia risk reduction.

Poorer White Matter Microstructure Predicts Slower and More Variable Reaction Time Performance: Evidence for a Neural Noise Hypothesis in a Large Lifespan Cohort (2023)
Journal Article
McCormick, E. M., Kievit, R. A., Tyler, L. K., Brayne, C., Bullmore, E. T., Calder, A. C., Cusack, R., Dalgleish, T., Duncan, J., Henson, R. N., Matthews, F. E., Marslen-Wilson, W. D., Rowe, J. B., Shafto, M. A., Associates, R., Campbell, K., Cheung, T., Davis, S., Geerligs, L., McCarrey, A., …Knights, E. (2023). Poorer White Matter Microstructure Predicts Slower and More Variable Reaction Time Performance: Evidence for a Neural Noise Hypothesis in a Large Lifespan Cohort. Journal of Neuroscience, 43(19), 3557-3566. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1042-22.2023

Most prior research has focused on characterizing averages in cognition, brain characteristics, or behavior, and attempting to predict differences in these averages among individuals. However, this overwhelming focus on mean levels may leave us with... Read More about Poorer White Matter Microstructure Predicts Slower and More Variable Reaction Time Performance: Evidence for a Neural Noise Hypothesis in a Large Lifespan Cohort.

Are there socioeconomic inequalities in polypharmacy among older people? A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023)
Journal Article
Iqbal, A., Richardson, C., Iqbal, Z., O’Keefe, H., Hanratty, B., Matthews, F. E., & Todd, A. (2023). Are there socioeconomic inequalities in polypharmacy among older people? A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatrics, 23(1), Article 149. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-03835-z

Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) may influence prescribing, concordance and adherence to medication regimens. This review set out to investigate the association between polypharmacy and an individual’s socioeconomic status. Methods: A systemati... Read More about Are there socioeconomic inequalities in polypharmacy among older people? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Assessment of Alzheimer-related pathologies of dementia using machine learning feature selection (2023)
Journal Article
Rajab, M. D., Jammeh, E., Taketa, T., Brayne, C., Matthews, F. E., Su, L., Ince, P. G., Wharton, S. B., & Wang, D. (2023). Assessment of Alzheimer-related pathologies of dementia using machine learning feature selection. Alzheimer's Research and Therapy, 15(1), Article 47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-023-01195-9

Although a variety of brain lesions may contribute to the pathological assessment of dementia, the relationship of these lesions to dementia, how they interact and how to quantify them remains uncertain. Systematically assessing neuropathological mea... Read More about Assessment of Alzheimer-related pathologies of dementia using machine learning feature selection.

Household wealth, neighbourhood deprivation and frailty amongst middle-aged and older adults in England: a longitudinal analysis over 15 years (2002-2017) (2023)
Journal Article
Maharani, A., Sinclair, D. R., Chandola, T., Bower, P., Clegg, A., Hanratty, B., Nazroo, J., Pendleton, N., Tampubolon, G., Todd, C., Wittenberg, R., O'Neill, T. W., & Matthews, F. E. (2023). Household wealth, neighbourhood deprivation and frailty amongst middle-aged and older adults in England: a longitudinal analysis over 15 years (2002-2017). Age and ageing, 52(3), Article afad034. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afad034

Background: frailty is a condition of reduced function and health due to ageing processes and is associated with a higher risk of falls, hospitalisation, disability and mortality. Objective: to determine the relationship between household wealth and... Read More about Household wealth, neighbourhood deprivation and frailty amongst middle-aged and older adults in England: a longitudinal analysis over 15 years (2002-2017).

The prevalence, correlation, and co-occurrence of neuropathology in old age: harmonisation of 12 measures across six community-based autopsy studies of dementia (2023)
Journal Article
Nichols, E., Merrick, R., Hay, S. I., Himali, D., Himali, J. J., Hunter, S., Keage, H. A., Latimer, C. S., Scott, M. R., Steinmetz, J. D., Walker, J. M., Wharton, S. B., Wiedner, C. D., Crane, P. K., Keene, C. D., Launer, L. J., Matthews, F. E., Schneider, J., Seshadri, S., White, L., …Vos, T. (2023). The prevalence, correlation, and co-occurrence of neuropathology in old age: harmonisation of 12 measures across six community-based autopsy studies of dementia. The Lancet Healthy Longevity, 4(3), e115-e125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-7568%2823%2900019-3

Background: Population-based autopsy studies provide valuable insights into the causes of dementia but are limited by sample size and restriction to specific populations. Harmonisation across studies increases statistical power and allows meaningful... Read More about The prevalence, correlation, and co-occurrence of neuropathology in old age: harmonisation of 12 measures across six community-based autopsy studies of dementia.

Distinct components of cardiovascular health are linked with age-related differences in cognitive abilities (2023)
Journal Article
King, D. L., Henson, R. N., Kievit, R., Wolpe, N., Brayne, C., Tyler, L. K., Rowe, J. B., Bullmore, E. T., Calder, A. C., Cusack, R., Dalgleish, T., Duncan, J., Matthews, F. E., Marslen-Wilson, W. D., Shafto, M. A., Campbell, K., Cheung, T., Davis, S., Geerligs, L., McCarrey, A., …Tsvetanov, K. A. (2023). Distinct components of cardiovascular health are linked with age-related differences in cognitive abilities. Scientific reports, 13(1), Article 978. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-27252-1

Cardiovascular ageing contributes to cognitive impairment. However, the unique and synergistic contributions of multiple cardiovascular factors to cognitive function remain unclear because they are often condensed into a single composite score or exa... Read More about Distinct components of cardiovascular health are linked with age-related differences in cognitive abilities.

Could Country-Level Factors Explain Sex Differences in Dementia Incidence and Prevalence? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2023)
Journal Article
Huque, H., Eramudugolla, R., Chidiac, B., Ee, N., Ehrenfeld, L., Matthews, F. E., Peters, R., & Anstey, K. J. (2023). Could Country-Level Factors Explain Sex Differences in Dementia Incidence and Prevalence? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 91(4), 1231-1241. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-220724

Background: Despite rising interest in sex differences in dementia, it is unclear whether sex differences in dementia incidence and prevalence are apparent globally. Objective: We examine sex differences in incidence and prevalence of Any dementia, A... Read More about Could Country-Level Factors Explain Sex Differences in Dementia Incidence and Prevalence? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Are profiles of social, cultural, and economic capital related to living well with dementia? Longitudinal findings from the IDEAL programme (2022)
Journal Article
Sabatini, S., Martyr, A., Gamble, L. D., Jones, I. R., Collins, R., Matthews, F. E., Knapp, M., Thom, J. M., Henderson, C., Victor, C., Pentecost, C., & Clare, L. (2023). Are profiles of social, cultural, and economic capital related to living well with dementia? Longitudinal findings from the IDEAL programme. Social science & medicine, 317, Article 115603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115603

Rationale: Research exploring social, cultural, and economic capital among people with dementia is scarce. Objective: We describe levels of social, cultural, and economic capital in people with dementia at baseline and levels of social and cultural c... Read More about Are profiles of social, cultural, and economic capital related to living well with dementia? Longitudinal findings from the IDEAL programme.

Autism incidence and spatial analysis in more than 7 million pupils in English schools: a retrospective, longitudinal, school registry study (2022)
Journal Article
Roman-Urrestarazu, A., Yang, J. C., van Kessel, R., Warrier, V., Dumas, G., Jongsma, H., Gatica-Bahamonde, G., Allison, C., Matthews, F. E., Baron-Cohen, S., & Brayne, C. (2022). Autism incidence and spatial analysis in more than 7 million pupils in English schools: a retrospective, longitudinal, school registry study. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 6(12), 857-868. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642%2822%2900247-4

Background: Understanding how certain factors affect autism incidence can help to identify inequities in diagnostic access. We aimed to investigate the incidence of autism in England as a function of geography and sociodemographics, examining spatial... Read More about Autism incidence and spatial analysis in more than 7 million pupils in English schools: a retrospective, longitudinal, school registry study.

Impact of COVID-19 policies on perceptions of loneliness in people aged 75 years and over in the cognitive function and aging study (CFAS II) (2022)
Journal Article
Richardson, C. D., Roscoe, H., Green, E., Brooks, R., Barnes, L., Matthews, F. E., & Brayne, C. (2023). Impact of COVID-19 policies on perceptions of loneliness in people aged 75 years and over in the cognitive function and aging study (CFAS II). Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 71(2), 463-473. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.18099

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and associated social distancing measures have profoundly impacted society and social contact patterns, with older people disproportionately affected. Concerns have been raised about a resulting pandemic of lonelines... Read More about Impact of COVID-19 policies on perceptions of loneliness in people aged 75 years and over in the cognitive function and aging study (CFAS II).

Blood pressure lowering and prevention of dementia: an individual patient data meta-analysis (2022)
Journal Article
Peters, R., Xu, Y., Fitzgerald, O., Aung, H. L., Beckett, N., Bulpitt, C., Chalmers, J., Forette, F., Gong, J., Harris, K., Humburg, P., Matthews, F. E., Staessen, J. A., Thijs, L., Tzourio, C., Warwick, J., Woodward, M., & Anderson, C. S. (2022). Blood pressure lowering and prevention of dementia: an individual patient data meta-analysis. European Heart Journal, 43(48), 4980-4990. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehac584

Aims Observational studies indicate U-shaped associations of blood pressure (BP) and incident dementia in older age, but randomized controlled trials of BP-lowering treatment show mixed results on this outcome in hypertensive patients. A pooled indiv... Read More about Blood pressure lowering and prevention of dementia: an individual patient data meta-analysis.

Longitudinal Predictors of Informant-Rated Involvement of People with Dementia in Everyday Decision-Making: Findings from the IDEAL Program (2022)
Journal Article
Sabatini, S., Martyr, A., Gamble, L. D., Collins, R., Matthews, F. E., Morris, R. G., Rusted, J. M., Pentecost, C., Quinn, C., & Clare, L. (2023). Longitudinal Predictors of Informant-Rated Involvement of People with Dementia in Everyday Decision-Making: Findings from the IDEAL Program. Journal of applied gerontology, 42(2), 290-301. https://doi.org/10.1177/07334648221128558

The extent to which people with dementia are involved in everyday decision-making is unclear. We explored informant-rated involvement of people with dementia in everyday decision-making over 2 years and whether functional, behavioral, and psychologic... Read More about Longitudinal Predictors of Informant-Rated Involvement of People with Dementia in Everyday Decision-Making: Findings from the IDEAL Program.

Explaining the deprivation gap in COVID-19 mortality rates: A decomposition analysis of geographical inequalities in England (2022)
Journal Article
Albani, V., Welsh, C. E., Brown, H., Matthews, F. E., & Bambra, C. (2022). Explaining the deprivation gap in COVID-19 mortality rates: A decomposition analysis of geographical inequalities in England. Social science & medicine, 311, Article 115319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115319

One of the most consistent and worrying features of the COVID-19 pandemic globally has been the disproportionate burden of the epidemic in the most deprived areas. Most of the literature so far though has focused on estimating the extent of these ine... Read More about Explaining the deprivation gap in COVID-19 mortality rates: A decomposition analysis of geographical inequalities in England.

Inequalities in the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic: an ecological study of inequalities in mortality in the first wave and the effects of the first national lockdown in England (2022)
Journal Article
Welsh, C., Albani, V., Matthews, F., & Bambra, C. (2022). Inequalities in the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic: an ecological study of inequalities in mortality in the first wave and the effects of the first national lockdown in England. BMJ open, 12(8), Article e058658. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058658

Objectives To examine how ecological inequalities in COVID-19 mortality rates evolved in England, and whether the first national lockdown impacted them. This analysis aimed to provide evidence for important lessons to inform public health planning to... Read More about Inequalities in the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic: an ecological study of inequalities in mortality in the first wave and the effects of the first national lockdown in England.

Profiles of social, cultural, and economic capital as longitudinal predictors of stress, positive experiences of caring, and depression among spousal carers of people with dementia (2022)
Journal Article
Sabatini, S., Martyr, A., Gamble, L. D., Jones, I. R., Collins, R., Matthews, F., Victor, C. R., Quinn, C., Pentecost, C., Thom, J. M., & Clare, L. (2023). Profiles of social, cultural, and economic capital as longitudinal predictors of stress, positive experiences of caring, and depression among spousal carers of people with dementia. Aging and Mental Health, 27(7), 1335-1343. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2022.2098920

Objective: We explored (1) social, cultural, and economic capital in spousal carers of people with dementia; (2) profiles of carers with different levels of capital; (3) whether the identified profiles differ in levels of stress and positive experien... Read More about Profiles of social, cultural, and economic capital as longitudinal predictors of stress, positive experiences of caring, and depression among spousal carers of people with dementia.

"Living Well" Trajectories Among Family Caregivers of People With Mild-to-Moderate Dementia in the IDEAL Cohort (2022)
Journal Article
Clare, L., Gamble, L. D. D., Martyr, A., Sabatini, S., Nelis, S. M., Quinn, C., Pentecost, C., Victor, C., Jones, R. W., Jones, I. R., Knapp, M., Litherland, R., Morris, R. G., Rusted, J. M., Thom, J. M., Collins, R., Henderson, C., & Matthews, F. E. (2022). "Living Well" Trajectories Among Family Caregivers of People With Mild-to-Moderate Dementia in the IDEAL Cohort. The Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 77(10), 1852-1863. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac090

Objectives: Understanding whether and how caregivers' capability to "live well"changes over time, and the factors associated with change, could help target effective caregiver support. Methods: We analyzed 3 time points (12 months apart) of Improving... Read More about "Living Well" Trajectories Among Family Caregivers of People With Mild-to-Moderate Dementia in the IDEAL Cohort.

Frequency of LATE neuropathologic change across the spectrum of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology: combined data from 13 community-based or population-based autopsy cohorts (2022)
Journal Article
Nelson, P. T., Brayne, C., Flanagan, M. E., Abner, E. L., Agrawal, S., Attems, J., Castellani, R. J., Corrada, M. M., Cykowski, M. D., Di, J., Dickson, D. W., Dugger, B. N., Ervin, J. F., Fleming, J., Graff-Radford, J., Grinberg, L. T., Hokkanen, S. R., Hunter, S., Kapasi, A., Kawas, C. H., …Schneider, J. A. (2022). Frequency of LATE neuropathologic change across the spectrum of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology: combined data from 13 community-based or population-based autopsy cohorts. Acta Neuropathologica, 144(1), 27-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-022-02444-1

Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC) and Alzheimer’s disease neuropathologic change (ADNC) are each associated with substantial cognitive impairment in aging populations. However, the prevalence of LAT... Read More about Frequency of LATE neuropathologic change across the spectrum of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology: combined data from 13 community-based or population-based autopsy cohorts.