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Estimated peak functional capacity: an accurate method for assessing change in peak oxygen consumption after cardiac rehabilitation? (2017)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., Gleadall-Siddall, D. O., Antony, R., Clark, A. L., Cleland, J. G. F., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2018). Estimated peak functional capacity: an accurate method for assessing change in peak oxygen consumption after cardiac rehabilitation?. Clinical physiology and functional imaging, 38(4), 681-688. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12468

Summary Objective Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the ‘gold standard’ method of determining VO2peak. When CPET is unavailable, VO2peak may be estimated from treadmill or cycle ergometer workloads and expressed as estimated metabolic equiva... Read More about Estimated peak functional capacity: an accurate method for assessing change in peak oxygen consumption after cardiac rehabilitation?.

Exercise dose and all-cause mortality within extended cardiac rehabilitation: a cohort study (2017)
Journal Article
Taylor, C., Tsakirides, C., Moxon, J., Moxon, J. W., Dudfield, M., Witte, K., …Carroll, S. (2017). Exercise dose and all-cause mortality within extended cardiac rehabilitation: a cohort study. Open heart, 4(2), e000623. https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2017-000623

Aims: To investigate the relationship between exercise participation, exercise ‘dose’ expressed as metabolic equivalent (MET) hours (h) per week, and prognosis in individuals attending an extended, community-based exercise rehabilitation programme. M... Read More about Exercise dose and all-cause mortality within extended cardiac rehabilitation: a cohort study.

Validity and reliability of the Apple Watch for measuring heart rate during exercise (2017)
Journal Article
Khushhal, A., Nichols, S., Evans, W., Gleadall-Siddall, D., Page, R., O'Doherty, A. F., …Abt, G. (2017). Validity and reliability of the Apple Watch for measuring heart rate during exercise. SMIO / Sports Medicine International Open, 1(6), E206-E211. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-120195

We examined the validity and reliability of the Apple Watch heart rate sensor during and in recovery from exercise. Twenty-one males completed treadmill exercise while wearing two Apple Watches (left and right wrists) and a Polar S810i monitor (crite... Read More about Validity and reliability of the Apple Watch for measuring heart rate during exercise.

Vitamin D3 supplementation of a high fat high sugar diet ameliorates prediabetic phenotype in female LDLR–/–and LDLR+/+mice (2017)
Journal Article
Carroll, S., Hobkirk, J., Browning, M. J., Janus, J., Kheder, R., Saeed, Z., & Stover, C. (2017). Vitamin D3 supplementation of a high fat high sugar diet ameliorates prediabetic phenotype in female LDLR–/–and LDLR+/+mice. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease, 5(2), 151-154. https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.154

© 2017 The Authors. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. INTRODUCTION: Fatty liver disease is prevalent in populations with high caloric intake. Nutritherapeutic approaches are being considered, such as supplementa... Read More about Vitamin D3 supplementation of a high fat high sugar diet ameliorates prediabetic phenotype in female LDLR–/–and LDLR+/+mice.

The development of a new sport-specific classification of coping and a meta-analysis of the relationship between different coping strategies and moderators on sporting outcomes (2016)
Journal Article
Nicholls, A. R., Carroll, S., Taylor, N. J., & Perry, J. L. (2016). The development of a new sport-specific classification of coping and a meta-analysis of the relationship between different coping strategies and moderators on sporting outcomes. Frontiers in psychology Frontiers Research Foundation, 7(NOV), 1674-1-1674-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01674

There is an ever growing coping and sports performance literature, with researchers using many different methods to assess performance and different classifications of coping. As such, it makes it difficult to compare studies and therefore identify h... Read More about The development of a new sport-specific classification of coping and a meta-analysis of the relationship between different coping strategies and moderators on sporting outcomes.

The repeatability of the abbreviated (4-h) Oral Fat Tolerance Test and influence of prior acute aerobic exercise (2016)
Journal Article
O’Doherty, A. F., Sathyapalan, T., Rigby, A. S., Ingle, L., & Carroll, S. (2018). The repeatability of the abbreviated (4-h) Oral Fat Tolerance Test and influence of prior acute aerobic exercise. European Journal of Nutrition, 57(1), 309-318. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-016-1320-z

© 2016 The Author(s) Purpose: The Oral Fat Tolerance Test (OFTT) is regarded as a repeatable measure used to assess postprandial triglyceride (TAG) levels, with higher levels observed in cardio-metabolic disorders. Acute aerobic exercise intervention... Read More about The repeatability of the abbreviated (4-h) Oral Fat Tolerance Test and influence of prior acute aerobic exercise.

Submaximal fitness and mortality risk reduction in coronary heart disease: A retrospective cohort study of community-based exercise rehabilitation (2016)
Journal Article
Taylor, C., Tsakirides, C., Moxon, J., Moxon, J. W., Dudfield, M., Witte, K. K., …Carroll, S. (2016). Submaximal fitness and mortality risk reduction in coronary heart disease: A retrospective cohort study of community-based exercise rehabilitation. BMJ open, 6(6), Article e011125. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011125

Objectives To examine the association between submaximal cardiorespiratory fitness (sCRF) and all-cause mortality in a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) cohort. Design Retrospective cohort study of participants entering CR between 26 May 1993 and 16 Octob... Read More about Submaximal fitness and mortality risk reduction in coronary heart disease: A retrospective cohort study of community-based exercise rehabilitation.

Effect of a non-dieting lifestyle randomised control trial on psychological well-being and weight management in morbidly obese pre-menopausal women (2015)
Journal Article
Borkoles, E., Carroll, S., Clough, P., & Polman, R. C. (2016). Effect of a non-dieting lifestyle randomised control trial on psychological well-being and weight management in morbidly obese pre-menopausal women. Maturitas, 83, 51-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.09.010

© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. This is an open access article under the CCBY-NC-ND license. Objective This study examined the effects of a non-dieting lifestyle intervention approach for morbidly obese women designed in the fr... Read More about Effect of a non-dieting lifestyle randomised control trial on psychological well-being and weight management in morbidly obese pre-menopausal women.

Exploring quality of life in patients with and without heart failure (2015)
Journal Article
Zhang, J., Hobkirk, J., Carroll, S., Pellicori, P., Clark, A. L., & Cleland, J. G. (2016). Exploring quality of life in patients with and without heart failure. International journal of cardiology, 202, 676-684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.09.076

Aims The EuroHeart Failure Survey Questionnaire (EHFSQ-1) has 39 questions on symptoms and quality of life (QoL); many items are related. We sought to identify underlying clusters amongst EHFSQ-1 questions, construct an overall “QoL score” and invest... Read More about Exploring quality of life in patients with and without heart failure.

Variability of automated carotid intima-media thickness measurements by novice operators (2014)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., Milner, M., Meijer, R., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2016). Variability of automated carotid intima-media thickness measurements by novice operators. Clinical physiology and functional imaging, 36(1), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12189

Carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) measurements provide a non-invasive assessment of sub-clinical atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to assess the inter- and intra-observer variability of automated C-IMT measurements undertaken by two novi... Read More about Variability of automated carotid intima-media thickness measurements by novice operators.

Development of a composite model derived from cardiopulmonary exercise tests to predict mortality risk in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure (2014)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., Rigby, A. S., Sloan, R., Carroll, S., Goode, K. M., Cleland, J. G., & Clark, A. L. (2014). Development of a composite model derived from cardiopulmonary exercise tests to predict mortality risk in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure. Heart, 100(10), 781-786. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304614

Objective: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is used to predict outcome in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure (HF). Single CPET-derived variables are often used, but we wanted to see if a composite score achieved better predictive pow... Read More about Development of a composite model derived from cardiopulmonary exercise tests to predict mortality risk in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure.

Variability in heart rate recovery measurements over 1 year in healthy, middle-aged adults (2014)
Journal Article
Mellis, M. G., Ingle, L., & Carroll, S. (2014). Variability in heart rate recovery measurements over 1 year in healthy, middle-aged adults. International journal of sports medicine, 35(2), 135-138. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1349091

This study assessed the longer-term (12-month) variability in post-exercise heart rate recovery following a submaximal exercise test. Longitudinal data was analysed for 97 healthy middle-aged adults (74 male, 23 female) from 2 occasions, 12 months ap... Read More about Variability in heart rate recovery measurements over 1 year in healthy, middle-aged adults.

The metabolic inter-relationships between changes in waist circumference, triglycerides, insulin sensitivity and small, dense low-density lipoprotein particles with acute weight loss in clinically obese children and adolescents (2013)
Journal Article
Hobkirk, J. P., King, R. F., Davies, I., Harman, N., Gately, P., Pemberton, P., …Carroll, S. (2014). The metabolic inter-relationships between changes in waist circumference, triglycerides, insulin sensitivity and small, dense low-density lipoprotein particles with acute weight loss in clinically obese children and adolescents. Pediatric obesity : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 9(3), 209-217. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00165.x

Objective Small, dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles are highly atherogenic and strongly associated with obesity-related dyslipidemia. The metabolic inter-relationships between weight loss induced changes in waist circumference, triglycerid... Read More about The metabolic inter-relationships between changes in waist circumference, triglycerides, insulin sensitivity and small, dense low-density lipoprotein particles with acute weight loss in clinically obese children and adolescents.

Abnormalities of the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide in patients with chronic heart failure (2012)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., Sloan, R., Carroll, S., Goode, K., Cleland, J. G., & Clark, A. L. (2012). Abnormalities of the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide in patients with chronic heart failure. Pulmonary Medicine, 2012, 589164. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/589164

Introduction. The relation between minute ventilation (VE) and carbon dioxide production (VCO(2)) can be characterised by the instantaneous ratio of ventilation to carbon dioxide production, the ventilatory equivalent for CO(2) (VEqCO(2)). We hypothe... Read More about Abnormalities of the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide in patients with chronic heart failure.

Preexercise galactose and glucose ingestion on fuel use during exercise (2012)
Journal Article
O'Hara, J. P., Carroll, S., Cooke, C. B., Morrison, D. J., Preston, T., & King, R. F. (2012). Preexercise galactose and glucose ingestion on fuel use during exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 44(10), 1958-1967. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318258bf85

Purpose: This study determined the effect of ingesting galactose and glucose 30 min before exercise on exogenous and endogenous fuel use during exercise. Methods: Nine trained male cyclists completed three bouts of cycling at 60% Wmax for 120 min aft... Read More about Preexercise galactose and glucose ingestion on fuel use during exercise.

Cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate recovery in obese premenopausal women (2012)
Journal Article
Carroll, S., Marshall, P., Ingle, L., & Borkoles, E. (2012). Cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate recovery in obese premenopausal women. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 22(6), e133-e139. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01522.x

Post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR) has been proposed as a measure of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in apparently healthy adults. We aimed to determine the effects of a lifestyle intervention on HRR among clinically obese premenopausal women. A r... Read More about Cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate recovery in obese premenopausal women.

Physical activity and cardiovascular mortality risk: possible protective mechanisms? (2012)
Journal Article
Hamer, M., Ingle, L., Carroll, S., & Stamatakis, E. (2012). Physical activity and cardiovascular mortality risk: possible protective mechanisms?. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 44(1), 84-88. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3182251077

INTRODUCTION: The biological mechanisms through which increased physical activity or structured exercise training lowers the risk of recurrent cardiac events are incompletely understood. We examined the extent to which modification of primary risk ma... Read More about Physical activity and cardiovascular mortality risk: possible protective mechanisms?.

Differential Improvements in Lipid Profiles and Framingham Recurrent Risk Score in Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Long-Term Cardiac Rehabilitation (2011)
Journal Article
Carroll, S., Tsakirides, C., Hobkirk, J., Moxon, J. W. D., Dudfield, M., & Ingle, L. (2011). Differential Improvements in Lipid Profiles and Framingham Recurrent Risk Score in Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Long-Term Cardiac Rehabilitation. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 92(9), 1382-1387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2011.04.013

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether lipid profiles and recurrent coronary heart disease (CHD) risk could be modified in patients with and without diabetes mellitus undergoing long-term cardiac rehabilitation (CR). DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of patien... Read More about Differential Improvements in Lipid Profiles and Framingham Recurrent Risk Score in Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Long-Term Cardiac Rehabilitation.