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The 'Unable' and 'Unwilling' Test in International Law: the use of force against non-state actors in Pakistan and Afghanistan (2020)
Book Chapter
Shah, N. (2020). The 'Unable' and 'Unwilling' Test in International Law: the use of force against non-state actors in Pakistan and Afghanistan. In The Asian Yearbook of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law. Brill Academic Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004431768

I argue that the UN Charter allows the use of force against non-state actors if their attacks meet the ‘armed attack’ threshold and the host state is ‘unwilling or unable’ to take effective measures. The proposed six point criteria; informed by the i... Read More about The 'Unable' and 'Unwilling' Test in International Law: the use of force against non-state actors in Pakistan and Afghanistan.