Mixed-phenotype grouping: the interaction between oddity and crypsis (2012)
Journal Article
Rodgers, G. M., Kimbell, H., & Morrell, L. J. (2013). Mixed-phenotype grouping: the interaction between oddity and crypsis. Oecologia, 172(1), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2473-y

Aggregations of different-looking animals are frequently seen in nature, despite well-documented selection pressures on individuals to maintain phenotypically homogenous groups. Two well-known theories, the ‘confusion effect’ (reduced ability of a pr... Read More about Mixed-phenotype grouping: the interaction between oddity and crypsis.

Artificial enhancement of an extended phenotype signal increases investment in courtship by three-spined sticklebacks (2012)
Journal Article
Morrell, L. J., Hentley, W. T., Wickens, V. J., Wickens, J. B., & Rodgers, G. M. (2012). Artificial enhancement of an extended phenotype signal increases investment in courtship by three-spined sticklebacks. Animal behaviour, 84(1), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.04.013

Interactions between the components of a multiple-signal sexual display can be complex, and previous work has shown that alteration of one component can lead to changed investment in either the altered or other display components. Extended phenotype... Read More about Artificial enhancement of an extended phenotype signal increases investment in courtship by three-spined sticklebacks.