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Leaching of copper and nickel in soil-water systems contaminated by bauxite residue (red mud) from Ajka, Hungary: the importance of soil organic matter (2015)
Journal Article
Lockwood, C. L., Stewart, D. I., Mortimer, R. J. G., Mayes, W., Jarvis, A. P., Gruiz, K., & Burke, I. T. (2015). Leaching of copper and nickel in soil-water systems contaminated by bauxite residue (red mud) from Ajka, Hungary: the importance of soil organic matter. Environmental science and pollution research, 22(14), 10800-10810. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4282-4

Red mud is a highly alkaline (pH >12) waste product from bauxite ore processing. The red mud spill at Ajka, Hungary, in 2010 released 1 million m3 of caustic red mud into the surrounding area with devastating results. Aerobic and anaerobic batch expe... Read More about Leaching of copper and nickel in soil-water systems contaminated by bauxite residue (red mud) from Ajka, Hungary: the importance of soil organic matter.

Mobilisation of arsenic from bauxite residue (red mud) affected soils : effect of pH and redox conditions (2014)
Journal Article
Lockwood, C. L., Mortimer, R. J., Stewart, D. I., Mayes, W. M., Peacock, C. L., Polya, D. A., …Burke, I. T. (2014). Mobilisation of arsenic from bauxite residue (red mud) affected soils : effect of pH and redox conditions. Applied geochemistry : journal of the International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, 51(December), 268-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.10.009

The tailings dam breach at the Ajka alumina plant, western Hungary in 2010 introduced ∼1 million m³ of red mud suspension into the surrounding area. Red mud (fine fraction bauxite residue) has a characteristically alkaline pH and contains several pot... Read More about Mobilisation of arsenic from bauxite residue (red mud) affected soils : effect of pH and redox conditions.

Geochemical recovery of the Torna-Marcal river system after the Ajka red mud spill, Hungary (2014)
Journal Article
Anton, Á. D., Klebercz, O., Magyar, Á., Burke, I. T., Jarvis, A. P., Gruiz, K., & Mayes, W. M. (2014). Geochemical recovery of the Torna-Marcal river system after the Ajka red mud spill, Hungary. Environmental science--processes & impacts, 16(12), 2677-2685. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4em00452c

The failure of the Ajka red mud depository in October 2010 led to the largest single release of red mud into the surface water environment. This study provides a comparative assessment of stream sediment quality in the Torna–Marcal–Rába catchment bet... Read More about Geochemical recovery of the Torna-Marcal river system after the Ajka red mud spill, Hungary.

The potential use of exhausted open pit mine voids as sinks for atmospheric CO2: Insights from natural reedbeds and mine water treatment wetlands (2014)
Journal Article
Younger, P. L., & Mayes, W. M. (2015). The potential use of exhausted open pit mine voids as sinks for atmospheric CO2: Insights from natural reedbeds and mine water treatment wetlands. Mine Water and the Environment, 34(1), 112-120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-014-0293-5

Abandoned surface mine voids are often left to flood, forming pit lakes. Drawing simple but important lessons from experiences with compost-based passive remediation systems for acidic mine waters, an alternative end-use for open pit mine voids is pr... Read More about The potential use of exhausted open pit mine voids as sinks for atmospheric CO2: Insights from natural reedbeds and mine water treatment wetlands.

Red mud a byproduct of aluminum production contains soluble vanadium that causes genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in higher plants (2014)
Journal Article
Mišík, M., Burke, I. T., Reismüller, M., Pichler, C., Rainer, B., Mišíková, K., …Knasmueller, S. (2014). Red mud a byproduct of aluminum production contains soluble vanadium that causes genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in higher plants. The Science of the total environment, 493, 883-890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.052

Red mud (RM) is a byproduct of aluminum production; worldwide between 70 and 120 million tons is produced annually. We analyzed RM which was released in the course of the Kolontar disaster in Hungary into the environment in acute and genotoxicity exp... Read More about Red mud a byproduct of aluminum production contains soluble vanadium that causes genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in higher plants.

Rapid recovery of benthic invertebrates downstream of hyperalkaline steel slag discharges (2014)
Journal Article
Hull, S. L., Oty, U. V., & Mayes, W. M. (2014). Rapid recovery of benthic invertebrates downstream of hyperalkaline steel slag discharges. Hydrobiologia, 736(1), 83-97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-014-1894-5

This study assesses the physical and chemical characteristics of hyperalkaline steel slag leachate from a former steelworks on two streams in England and their impacts on benthic invertebrate communities. Using multivariate methods (CCA), we related... Read More about Rapid recovery of benthic invertebrates downstream of hyperalkaline steel slag discharges.

Gypsum addition to soils contaminated by red mud: implications for aluminium, arsenic, molybdenum and vanadium solubility (2013)
Journal Article
Lehoux, A. P., Lockwood, C. L., Mayes, W. M., Stewart, D. I., Mortimer, R. J. G., Gruiz, K., & Burke, I. T. (2013). Gypsum addition to soils contaminated by red mud: implications for aluminium, arsenic, molybdenum and vanadium solubility. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 35(5), 643-656. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-013-9547-6

Red mud is highly alkaline (pH 13), saline and can contain elevated concentrations of several potentially toxic elements (e.g. Al, As, Mo and V). Release of up to 1 million m3 of bauxite residue (red mud) suspension from the Ajka repository, western... Read More about Gypsum addition to soils contaminated by red mud: implications for aluminium, arsenic, molybdenum and vanadium solubility.

Behavior of aluminum, arsenic, and vanadium during the neutralization of red mud leachate by HCl, gypsum, or seawater (2013)
Journal Article
Burke, I. T., Peacock, C. L., Lockwood, C. L., Stewart, D. I., Mortimer, R. J. G., Ward, M. B., …Mayes, W. M. (2013). Behavior of aluminum, arsenic, and vanadium during the neutralization of red mud leachate by HCl, gypsum, or seawater. Environmental Science and Technology, 47(12), 6527-6535. https://doi.org/10.1021/es4010834

Red mud leachate (pH 13) collected from Ajka, Hungary is neutralized to < pH 10 by HCl, gypsum, or seawater addition. During acid neutralization >99% Al is removed from solution during the formation of an amorphous boehmite-like precipitate and dawso... Read More about Behavior of aluminum, arsenic, and vanadium during the neutralization of red mud leachate by HCl, gypsum, or seawater.

Riverine Flux of Metals from Historically Mined Orefields in England and Wales (2013)
Journal Article
Mayes, W. M., Potter, H. A. B., & Jarvis, A. P. (2013). Riverine Flux of Metals from Historically Mined Orefields in England and Wales. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 224(2), Article 1425. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1425-9

The flux of metals at the tidal limits of major rivers are an important metric of freshwater contaminant transfer to marine habitats, reported in Northeast Atlantic bordering countries under the 1992 Oslo-Paris (OSPAR) Convention. This paper presents... Read More about Riverine Flux of Metals from Historically Mined Orefields in England and Wales.

Ecotoxicity of fluvial sediments downstream of the Ajka red mud spill, Hungary (2012)
Journal Article
Klebercz, O., Mayes, W. M., Anton, Á. D., Feigl, V., Jarvis, A. P., & Gruiz, K. (2012). Ecotoxicity of fluvial sediments downstream of the Ajka red mud spill, Hungary. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 14(8), 2063-2071. https://doi.org/10.1039/c2em30155e

An integrated assessment of biological activity and ecotoxicity of fluvial sediments in the Marcal river catchment (3078 km2), western Hungary, is presented following the accidental spill of bauxite processing residue (red mud) in Ajka. Red mud conta... Read More about Ecotoxicity of fluvial sediments downstream of the Ajka red mud spill, Hungary.

Speciation of arsenic, chromium, and vanadium in red mud samples from the Ajka spill site, Hungary (2012)
Journal Article
Burke, I. T., Mayes, W. M., Peacock, C. L., Brown, A. P., Jarvis, A. P., & Gruiz, K. (2012). Speciation of arsenic, chromium, and vanadium in red mud samples from the Ajka spill site, Hungary. Environmental Science and Technology, 46(6), 3085-3092. https://doi.org/10.1021/es3003475

Results are presented from X-ray absorption spectroscopy based analysis of As, Cr and V speciation within samples of bauxite ore processing residue (red mud) collected from the spill site at Ajka, Western Hungary. Cr K-edge XANES analysis found that... Read More about Speciation of arsenic, chromium, and vanadium in red mud samples from the Ajka spill site, Hungary.

Contaminant mobility and carbon sequestration downstream of the Ajka (Hungary) red mud spill : the effects of gypsum dosing (2012)
Journal Article
Renforth, P., Mayes, W. M., Jarvis, A. P., Burke, I. T., Manning, D. A., & Gruiz, K. (2012). Contaminant mobility and carbon sequestration downstream of the Ajka (Hungary) red mud spill : the effects of gypsum dosing. The Science of the total environment, 421-422, 253-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.01.046

A number of emergency pollution management measures were enacted after the accidental release of caustic bauxite processing residue that occurred in Ajka, western Hungary in October, 2010. These centred on acid and gypsum dosing to reduce pH and mini... Read More about Contaminant mobility and carbon sequestration downstream of the Ajka (Hungary) red mud spill : the effects of gypsum dosing.

Treatment of zinc-rich acid mine water in low residence time bioreactors incorporating waste shells and methanol dosing. (2011)
Journal Article
Mayes, W., Davis, J., Silva, V., & Jarvis, A. P. (2011). Treatment of zinc-rich acid mine water in low residence time bioreactors incorporating waste shells and methanol dosing. Journal of hazardous materials, 193, 279-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.07.073

Bioreactors utilising bacterially mediated sulphate reduction (BSR) have been widely tested for treating metal-rich waters, but sustained treatment of mobile metals (e.g. Zn) can be difficult to achieve in short residence time systems. Data are prese... Read More about Treatment of zinc-rich acid mine water in low residence time bioreactors incorporating waste shells and methanol dosing..

Dispersal and attenuation of trace contaminants downstream of the Ajka bauxite residue (red mud) depository failure, Hungary (2011)
Journal Article
Mayes, W. M., Jarvis, A. P., Burke, I. T., Walton, M., Feigl, V., Klebercz, O., & Gruiz, K. (2011). Dispersal and attenuation of trace contaminants downstream of the Ajka bauxite residue (red mud) depository failure, Hungary. Environmental Science and Technology, 45(12), 5147-5155. https://doi.org/10.1021/es200850y

This paper identifies the spatial extent of bauxite processing residue (red mud)-derived contaminants and modes of transport within the Marcal and Raba river systems after the dike failure at Ajka, western Hungary. The geochemical signature of the re... Read More about Dispersal and attenuation of trace contaminants downstream of the Ajka bauxite residue (red mud) depository failure, Hungary.

Seasonal and spatial variation of diffuse (non-point) source zinc pollution in a historically metal mined river catchment, UK (2011)
Journal Article
Gozzard, E., Mayes, W., Potter, H., & Jarvis, A. (2011). Seasonal and spatial variation of diffuse (non-point) source zinc pollution in a historically metal mined river catchment, UK. Environmental pollution, 159(10), 3113-3122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.010

Quantifying diffuse sources of pollution is becoming increasingly important when characterising river catchments in entirety e a prerequisite for environmental management. This study examines both low and high flow events, as well as spatial variabil... Read More about Seasonal and spatial variation of diffuse (non-point) source zinc pollution in a historically metal mined river catchment, UK.

Inventory of aquatic contaminant flux arising from historical metal mining in England and Wales (2010)
Journal Article
Mayes, W. M., Potter, H. A. B., & Jarvis, A. P. (2010). Inventory of aquatic contaminant flux arising from historical metal mining in England and Wales. The Science of the total environment, 408(17), 3576-3583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.04.021

The impact of discharges from abandoned metal and ironstone mines has been a much studied form of aquatic pollution in recent decades. Few attempts however, have been made to accurately determine the overall contaminant mass flux arising from abandon... Read More about Inventory of aquatic contaminant flux arising from historical metal mining in England and Wales.

A national strategy for identification, prioritisation and management of pollution from abandoned non-coal mine sites in England and Wales. I.: methodology development and initial results (2009)
Journal Article
Mayes, W., Johnston, D., Potter, H., & Jarvis, A. (2009). A national strategy for identification, prioritisation and management of pollution from abandoned non-coal mine sites in England and Wales. I.: methodology development and initial results. The Science of the total environment, 407(21), 5435-5447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.06.019

In regions affected by historic non-coal (principally metal) mining activity, government agencies are often faced with the challenge of deploying limited remedial resources at abandoned mine sites to achieve maximum improvements in the chemical and e... Read More about A national strategy for identification, prioritisation and management of pollution from abandoned non-coal mine sites in England and Wales. I.: methodology development and initial results.

Preliminary evaluation of a constructed wetland for treating extremely alkaline (pH 12) steel slag drainage (2009)
Journal Article
Mayes, W. M., Aumônier, J., & Jarvis, A. P. (2009). Preliminary evaluation of a constructed wetland for treating extremely alkaline (pH 12) steel slag drainage. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, 59(11), 2253-2263. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.261

High pH (> 12) leachates are an environmental problem associated with drainage from lime (CaO)rich industrial residues such as steel slags, lime spoil and coal combustion residues. Recent research has highlighted the potential for natural ('volunteer... Read More about Preliminary evaluation of a constructed wetland for treating extremely alkaline (pH 12) steel slag drainage.

Wetland treatment at extremes of pH: A review (2008)
Journal Article
Mayes, W. M., Batty, L. C., Younger, P. L., Jarvis, A. P., Kõiv, M., Vohla, C., & Mander, U. (2009). Wetland treatment at extremes of pH: A review. The Science of the total environment, 407(13), 3944-3957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.06.045

Constructed wetlands are an established treatment technology for a diverse range of polluted effluents. There is a long history of using wetlands as a unit process in treating acid mine drainage, while recent research has highlighted the potential fo... Read More about Wetland treatment at extremes of pH: A review.