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Spatial scale and product mix economies in U.S. banking with simultaneous spillover regimes

Glass, Anthony J; Kenjegaliev, Amangeldi; Kenjegalieva, Karligash

Authors

Anthony J Glass

Karligash Kenjegalieva



Abstract

© 2019 Elsevier B.V. The literature on bank scale economies focuses on the familiar type of returns to scale that are internal to the firm. Using a spatial approach, we analyze returns to scale for banks that are made up of external (i.e., spillover) economies. We extend ray-scale economies (RSE), expansion-path scale economies (EPSE) and expansion-path subadditivity (EPSU) to the spatial case. This involves introducing direct and composite and decomposed indirect RSE, EPSE and EPSU. These direct and indirect measures relate to the cost implications for a firm from a change in: (i) the firm's output levels that are, as is standard, under its control; and (ii) the composite/decomposed spillover effect on the firm's output levels, which is primarily, but not entirely, outside its control. We include an application to U.S. banks (1998–2015) that allows a bank to simultaneously belong to a number of spatial networks, which is typically what we observe for firms. For large banks we find constant direct RSE and EPSE, and zero composite indirect RSE and constant composite indirect EPSE. These composite indirect results do not counteract any policy suggestions from the direct RSE and EPSE concerning the debate on whether there should be size caps on very large U.S. banks. The direct RSE and EPSE for large banks suggest that these banks use society's resources efficiently to provide their services. Size caps on very large banks would place downward pressure on these direct RSE and EPSE results, which could lead to large banks using society's resources inefficiently.

Citation

Glass, A. J., Kenjegaliev, A., & Kenjegalieva, K. (2020). Spatial scale and product mix economies in U.S. banking with simultaneous spillover regimes. European journal of operational research, 284(2), 693-711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2019.12.036

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Dec 24, 2019
Online Publication Date Dec 28, 2019
Publication Date 2020
Deposit Date Jan 3, 2020
Publicly Available Date Dec 29, 2021
Journal European Journal of Operational Research
Print ISSN 0377-2217
Publisher Elsevier
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 284
Issue 2
Pages 693-711
DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2019.12.036
Keywords Productivity and competitiveness; Internal and external returns to scale; Spatial cost function; Branch networks
Public URL https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/3334573
Publisher URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377221719310768?via%3Dihub
Contract Date Jan 3, 2020

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