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Regulation of store-operated channel molecules ORAI and STIM by oxidative stress in blood vessels

Daskoulidou, Nikoleta

Authors

Nikoleta Daskoulidou



Contributors

Shang-Zhong Xu
Supervisor

Abstract

ORAI and STIM genes are recently identified store-operated calcium channel molecules that play important roles in human physiology. In this thesis, the effects of oxidative stress conditions including high glucose, homocysteine and H₂O₂ on the expression of ORAI and STIM, Ca²⁺ influx, ORAI channel activity and potential underlying mechanisms were investigated using cell models and in vivo tissue samples from diabetic patients and mice.

ORAI1-3 and STIM1-2 were detected in vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells using RT-PCR, western blotting and immunostaining. Their expression was upregulated by chronic treatment with high glucose in cell models. The upregulation was also observed in human aorta from Type 2 diabetic patients and kidney tissues from streptozotocin-induced and Akita Type 1 diabetic mouse models. The high glucose-induced gene upregulation was prevented by the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A and store-operated channel blocker diethylstilbestrol. H₂O₂ also upregulated ORAI1-3 and STIM1-2, however, homocysteine increased STIM1-2 expression, but downregulated ORAI1-3.

Ca²⁺ influx and ORAI channel activity were investigated using Ca²⁺ imaging and whole-cell patch clamp. Chronic treatment with high glucose enhanced storeoperated Ca²⁺ influx in endothelial cells, but there was no effect if treated acutely. In HEK-293 cells overexpressing STIM1/ORAI1-3, high glucose had no acute effect on ORAI1-3 currents, but homocysteine decreased the currents. The cytosolic STIM1 movement was monitored by live-cell fluorescence imaging. Oxidative stress did not change STIM1-EYFP translocation and clustering after Ca²⁺ store-depletion. The effect of hyperosmolarity on STIM and ORAI expression and channel activity was also investigated. Hyperosmolarity inhibited ORAI1-3 currents and downregulated ORAI1-3 and STIM1-2 gene expression, but did not alter cytosolic STIM1-EYFP translocation.

It is concluded that store-operated channel molecules, STIMs and ORAIs, are new proteins regulated by oxidative stress, especially in diabetes, which may provide a novel concept for the abnormality of Ca²⁺ homeostasis in blood vessels from patients with diabetes.

Citation

Daskoulidou, N. (2013). Regulation of store-operated channel molecules ORAI and STIM by oxidative stress in blood vessels. (Thesis). Hull York Medical School, the University of Hull and the University of York. Retrieved from https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/4221321

Thesis Type Thesis
Deposit Date Mar 18, 2019
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Keywords Medicine
Public URL https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/4221321
Additional Information Hull York Medical School, The University of Hull and The University of York
Award Date Mar 1, 2013

Files

Video 3 : Effect of high glucose on thapsigargin-induced STIM1 translocation and clustering (4.8 Mb)
Other

Copyright Statement
© 2013 Daskoulidou, Nikoleta. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the written permission of the copyright holder.


Video 2 : Effect of high glucose on STIM1 translocation and clustering (7.2 Mb)
Other

Copyright Statement
© 2013 Daskoulidou, Nikoleta. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the written permission of the copyright holder.


Video 1 : Effect of thapsigargin on STIM1 translocation and clustering (4.7 Mb)
Other

Copyright Statement
© 2013 Daskoulidou, Nikoleta. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the written permission of the copyright holder.


Thesis (4.3 Mb)
PDF

Copyright Statement
© 2013 Daskoulidou, Nikoleta. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the written permission of the copyright holder.




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