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Live celloidosome structures based on the assembly of individual cells by colloid interactions

Fakhrullin, Rawil F.; Brandy, Marie-Laure; Cayre, Olivier J.; Velev, Orlin D.; Paunov, Vesselin N.

Authors

Rawil F. Fakhrullin

Marie-Laure Brandy

Olivier J. Cayre

Orlin D. Velev

Vesselin N. Paunov



Abstract

A new class of colloid structures, celloidosomes, has been developed which represent hollow microcapsules whose membranes consist of a single monolayer of living cells. Two routes for producing these structures were designed based on templating of: (i) air bubbles and (ii) anisotropic microcrystals of calcium carbonate with living cells, which allowed us to fabricate celloidosomes of spherical, rhombohedral and needle-like morphologies. Air microbubbles were templated by yeast cells coated with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), then coated with carboxymethylcellulose and rehydrated resulting in the formation of spherical multicellular structures. Similarly, calcium carbonate microcrystals of anisotropic shapes were coated with several consecutive layers of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes to obtain a positive surface charge which was used to immobilise yeast cells coated with anionic polyelectrolyte of their surfaces. After dissolving of sacrificial cores, hollow multicellular structures were obtained. The viability of the cells in the produced structures was confirmed by using fluorescein diacetate. In order to optimize the separation of celloidosomes from free cells magnetic nanoparticles were immobilised onto the surface of templates prior to the cells deposition, which greatly facilitated the separation using a permanent magnet. Two alternative approaches were developed to form celloidosome structures using magnetically functionalised core–shell microparticles which resulted in the formation of celloidosomes with needle-like and cubic-like geometries which follows the original morphology of the calcium carbonate microcrystals. Our methods for fabrication of celloidosomes may found applications in the development of novel symbiotic bio-structures, artificial multicellular organisms and in tissue engineering. The unusual structure of celloidosomes resembles the primitive forms of multicellular species, like Volvox, and other algae and could be regarded as one possible mechanism of the evolutionary development of multicellularity.

Citation

Fakhrullin, R. F., Brandy, M., Cayre, O. J., Velev, O. D., & Paunov, V. N. (2010). Live celloidosome structures based on the assembly of individual cells by colloid interactions. Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP, 12(38), 11912-11922. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0cp00131g

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jul 26, 2010
Online Publication Date Aug 25, 2010
Publication Date 2010
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
Print ISSN 1463-9076
Electronic ISSN 1463-9084
Publisher Royal Society of Chemistry
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 12
Issue 38
Pages 11912-11922
DOI https://doi.org/10.1039/c0cp00131g
Keywords Cellosomes; Celloidosomes; Multicellularity; Magnetic cellosomes; Yeastosomes; Yeast; Anisoptropic cellosomes
Public URL https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/424050