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Clinical evaluation of a range of autorefractors (1993)
Journal Article
McCaghrey, G. E., & Matthews, F. E. (1993). Clinical evaluation of a range of autorefractors. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 13(2), 129-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1313.1993.tb00441.x

A practice‐based study of nine autorefractors was undertaken lo assess reliability and validity. Various statistical methods were used to test aspects of validity of the machines compared with one another. In routine optometric practice the autorefra... Read More about Clinical evaluation of a range of autorefractors.

Quality of life as quality of being: an alternative to the subject-object dichotomy (1992)
Journal Article
Draper, P. (1992). Quality of life as quality of being: an alternative to the subject-object dichotomy. Journal of advanced nursing, 17(8), 965-970. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.1992.tb02025.x

The opening section of this paper is concerned with certain questions concerning the concept ‘quality of life’ Is it possible for one person to make judgements about the quality of life of another? If it is possible, then is it morally acceptable? Gi... Read More about Quality of life as quality of being: an alternative to the subject-object dichotomy.

The London Committee and mobilization of public opinion against the slave trade (1992)
Journal Article
Oldfield, J. R. (1992). The London Committee and mobilization of public opinion against the slave trade. The Historical journal, 35(2), 331-343. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X00025826

During the late eighteenth century organized anti-slavery, in the shape of the campaign to end the African slave trade (1787–1807), became an unavoidable feature of political life in Britain. Drawing on previously unpublished material in the Josiah W... Read More about The London Committee and mobilization of public opinion against the slave trade.

Cancer mortality in the first degree relatives of young breast cancer patients (1992)
Journal Article
Anderson, K. E., Easton, D. F., Matthews, F. E., & Peto, J. (1992). Cancer mortality in the first degree relatives of young breast cancer patients. The British Journal of Cancer, 66(3), 599-602. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.1992.321

In a retrospective cohort study, the mothers and sisters of 740 breast cancer patients aged under 36 at diagnosis have been studied for mortality and cancer incidence. Significantly increased breast cancer mortality was observed below age 60 (30 deat... Read More about Cancer mortality in the first degree relatives of young breast cancer patients.

The ideal and the real: some thoughts on theoretical developments in British nursing (1991)
Journal Article
Draper, P. (1991). The ideal and the real: some thoughts on theoretical developments in British nursing. Nurse education today, 11(4), 292-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/0260-6917%2891%2990092-o

Two types of nursing theory are described: the realistic, whose purpose is to account for the complex reality of nursing; and the idealistic, whose purpose is to describe an idealised world of nursing as it ‘ought to be’. It is argued that British... Read More about The ideal and the real: some thoughts on theoretical developments in British nursing.

Cartographic Algorithms: Problems of Implementation and Evaluation and the Impact of Digitising Errors (1991)
Journal Article
Whyatt, J. D., & Visvalingam, M. (1991). Cartographic Algorithms: Problems of Implementation and Evaluation and the Impact of Digitising Errors. Computer graphics forum : journal of the European Association for Computer Graphics, 10(3), 225-235. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1030225

Cartographic generalisation remains one of the outstanding challenges in digital cartography and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). It is generally assumed that computerisation will lead to the removal of spurious variability introduced by the s... Read More about Cartographic Algorithms: Problems of Implementation and Evaluation and the Impact of Digitising Errors.

The Douglas-Peucker algorithm for line simplification: Re-evaluation through visualization (1990)
Journal Article
Visvalingam, M., & Whyatt, J. D. (1990). The Douglas-Peucker algorithm for line simplification: Re-evaluation through visualization. Computer graphics forum : journal of the European Association for Computer Graphics, 9(3), 213-225. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.1990.tb00398.x

The primary aim of this paper is to illustrate the value of visualization in cartography and to indicate that tools for the generation and manipulation of realistic images are of limited value within this application. This paper demonstrates the valu... Read More about The Douglas-Peucker algorithm for line simplification: Re-evaluation through visualization.

Trends and concerns in digital cartography (1990)
Journal Article
Visvalingam, M. (1990). Trends and concerns in digital cartography. Computer aided design, 22(3), 115-130. doi:10.1016/0010-4485(90)90070-s

Digital cartography is the technology concerned with the construction and use of computer-based systems for the practice of cartography and its applications. The paper starts with a brief introduction to cartography and cartographic maps. It then pro... Read More about Trends and concerns in digital cartography.

Cartography, GIS and maps in perspective (1989)
Journal Article
Visvalingam, M. (1989). Cartography, GIS and maps in perspective. The Cartographic journal, 26(1), 26-32. doi:10.1179/caj.1989.26.1.26

Approaches to the optimizing control problem (1988)
Journal Article
Ellis, J. E., Kambhampati, C., Sheng, G., & Roberts, P. D. (1988). Approaches to the optimizing control problem. International Journal of Systems Science, 19(10), 1969-1985. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207728808964092

The selection of the steady-state controls which enable a system to operate in an optimum manner is the optimizing control problem. An examination of direct and adaptive model-based approaches to this problem is made. In the direct approach, system m... Read More about Approaches to the optimizing control problem.

The protestant episcopal church, black nationalists, and expansion of the west african missionary field, 1851–1871 (1988)
Journal Article
Oldfield, J. R. (1988). The protestant episcopal church, black nationalists, and expansion of the west african missionary field, 1851–1871. Church History: Studies in Christianity and Culture, 57(1), 31-45. https://doi.org/10.2307/3165901

One of the most boldly conceived assaults on benighted Africa during the nineteenth century was that undertaken by mainline Protestant denominations in the United States. With the brash confidence characteristic of the age, hundreds of American missi... Read More about The protestant episcopal church, black nationalists, and expansion of the west african missionary field, 1851–1871.

The signed Chi-score measure for the classification and mapping of polychotomous data (1981)
Journal Article
Visvalingam, M. (1981). The signed Chi-score measure for the classification and mapping of polychotomous data. The Cartographic journal, 18(1), 32-43. https://doi.org/10.1179/caj.1981.18.1.32

Several polychotomous characteristics, when expressed in chi-score form, exhibit distributions in property space which deviate from the inherent assumptions of the more commonly used methods of cluster analysis. This paper suggests a novel approach t... Read More about The signed Chi-score measure for the classification and mapping of polychotomous data.

Making a national atlas of population by computer (1980)
Journal Article
Rhind, D. W., Evans, I. S., & Visvalingam, M. (1980). Making a national atlas of population by computer. The Cartographic journal, 17(1), 3-11. https://doi.org/10.1179/caj.1980.17.1.3

This paper describes the conceptual and practical problems encountered and solved in producing a multi-colour atlas of population characteristics in Great Britain. The atlas itself is in A4 format; it consists of some thirty-four maps of Great Britai... Read More about Making a national atlas of population by computer.

The signed Chi-square measure for mapping (1978)
Journal Article
Visvalingam, M. (1978). The signed Chi-square measure for mapping. The Cartographic journal, 15(2), 93-98. https://doi.org/10.1179/caj.1978.15.2.93

When interest extends beyond purely univariate considerations there is no fixed rule governing the ordering of spatial samples for mapping and statistical analysis. Ratios and numerical differences have conventionally been the basis for comparing sam... Read More about The signed Chi-square measure for mapping.