Ionic Imbalances and Coupling in Synchronization of Responses in Neurons

Sadegh-Zadeh, Seyed-Ali; Kambhampati, Chandrasekhar; Davis, Darryl N

Abstract

Most neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are a result of changes in the chemical composition of neurons. For example, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the product of Aβ peptide deposition which results in changes in the ion concentration. These changes in ion concentration affect the responses of the neuron to stimuli and often result in inducing excessive excitation or inhibition. This paper investigates the dynamics of a single neuron as ion changes occur. These changes are incorporated using the Nernst equation. Within the central and peripheral nervous system, signals and hence rhythms, are propagated through the coupling of the neurons. It was found that under certain conditions the coupling strength between two neurons could mitigate changes in ion concentration. By defining the state of perfect synchrony, it was shown that the effect of ion imbalance in coupled neurons was reduced while in uncoupled neurons these changes had a more significant impact on the neuronal behavior.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Publication Date: Jan 10, 2019
• Journal: J — Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal
• Print ISSN: 2571-8800
• Publisher: MDPI
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 2
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 17-40
• APA6 Citation: Sadegh-Zadeh, S., Kambhampati, C., & Davis, D. N. (2019). Ionic Imbalances and Coupling in Synchronization of Responses in Neurons. J, 2(1), 17-40. doi:10.3390/j2010003
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/j2010003
• Keywords: Neurodegenerative diseases; Action potential dynamics; Electrophysiology; Coupled neurons; Gap junctions; Synchronization; The region of synchronicity; Ion imbalances; Coupling conductance; Nerve impulse
• Publisher URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8800/2/1/3/htm