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Physical activity and nutrition interventions for older adults with cancer: a systematic review

Forbes, Cynthia C.; Swan, Flavia; Greenley, Sarah L.; Lind, Michael; Johnson, Miriam J.

Authors

Profile image of Flavia Swan

Dr Flavia Swan F.Swan@hull.ac.uk
Research fellow in cancer rehabilitation

Profile image of Michael Lind

Professor Michael Lind M.J.Lind@hull.ac.uk
Foundation Professor of Oncology/ Head of the Joint Centre for Cancer Studies



Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this review was to summarize the current literature for the effectiveness of activity and nutritional based interventions on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults living with and beyond cancer (LWBC). Methods: We conducted systematic structured searches of CINAHL, Embase, Medline, Cochrane CENTRAL databases, and bibliographic review. Two independent researchers selected against inclusion criteria: (1) lifestyle nutrition and/or activity intervention for people with any cancer diagnosis, (2) measured HRQoL, (3) all participants over 60years of age and (4) randomized controlled trials. Results: Searches identified 5179 titles; 114 articles had full text review, with 14 studies (participant n = 1660) included. Three had nutrition and activity components, one, nutrition only and ten, activity only. Duration ranged from 7days to 1year. Interventions varied from intensive daily prehabilitation to home-based gardening interventions. Studies investigated various HRQoL outcomes including fatigue, general and cancer-specific quality of life (QoL), distress, depression, global side-effect burden and physical functioning. Eight studies reported significant intervention improvements in one or more QoL measure. Seven studies reported using a psychosocial/theoretical framework. There is a gap in tailored nutrition advice. Conclusions: Among the few studies that targeted older adults with cancer, most were activity-based programmes with half reporting improvements in QoL. Future research should focus on or include tailored nutrition components and consider appropriate behaviour change techniques to maximize potential QoL improvement. Implications for Cancer Survivors: More research is needed to address the research gap regarding older adults as current recommendations are derived from younger populations.

Citation

Forbes, C. C., Swan, F., Greenley, S. L., Lind, M., & Johnson, M. J. (2020). Physical activity and nutrition interventions for older adults with cancer: a systematic review. Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice, 14(5), 689-711. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-020-00883-x

Journal Article Type Review
Acceptance Date Mar 31, 2020
Online Publication Date Apr 24, 2020
Publication Date 2020-10
Deposit Date Apr 1, 2020
Publicly Available Date Apr 25, 2021
Journal Journal of Cancer Survivorship
Print ISSN 1932-2259
Publisher Springer Verlag
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 14
Issue 5
Pages 689-711
DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-020-00883-x
Keywords Neoplasms; Rehabilitation; Diet; Exercise; Well-being; Quality of life; Review; Aged; Health behaviour
Public URL https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/3486807
Publisher URL https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11764-020-00883-x

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