Spatiotemporal and plantar pressure patterns of 1000 healthy individuals aged 3-101 years

McKay, Marnee J.; Baldwin, Jennifer N.; Ferreira, Paulo; Simic, Milena; Vanicek, Natalie; Wojciechowski, Elizabeth; Mudge, Anita; Burns, Joshua

Abstract

Objective The purpose of this study was to establish normative reference values for spatiotemporal and plantar pressure parameters, and to investigate the influence of demographic, anthropometric and physical characteristics. Methods In 1000 healthy males and females aged 3–101 years, spatiotemporal and plantar pressure data were collected barefoot with the Zeno™ walkway and Emed® platform. Correlograms were developed to visualise the relationships between widely reported spatiotemporal and pressure variables with demographic (age, gender), anthropometric (height, mass, waist circumference) and physical characteristics (ankle strength, ankle range of motion, vibration perception) in children aged 3–9 years, adolescents aged 10–19 years, adults aged 20–59 years and older adults aged over 60 years. Results A comprehensive catalogue of 31 spatiotemporal and pressure variables were generated from 1000 healthy individuals. The key findings were that gait velocity was stable during adolescence and adulthood, while children and older adults walked at a comparable slower speed. Peak pressures increased during childhood to older adulthood. Children demonstrated highest peak pressures beneath the rearfoot whilst adolescents, adults and older adults demonstrated highest pressures at the forefoot. Main factors influencing spatiotemporal and pressure parameters were: increased age, height, body mass and waist circumference, as well as ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion strength. Conclusion This study has established whole of life normative reference values of widely used spatiotemporal and plantar pressure parameters, and revealed changes to be expected across the lifespan.

Citation

McKay, M. J., Baldwin, J. N., Ferreira, P., Simic, M., Vanicek, N., Wojciechowski, E., Mudge, A., & Burns, J. (2017). Spatiotemporal and plantar pressure patterns of 1000 healthy individuals aged 3-101 years. Gait and Posture, 58, 78-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.07.004

• Acceptance Date: Jul 3, 2017
• Online Publication Date: Jul 18, 2017
• Publication Date: 2017-10
• Deposit Date: Aug 10, 2017
• Publicly Available Date: Jul 24, 2018
• Journal: Gait and posture
• Print ISSN: 0966-6362
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 58
• Pages: 78-87
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.07.004
• Keywords: Normative reference values; Spatiotemporal; Lifespan data; Gait; Plantar pressure; Pedobarography
• Public URL: https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/453988
• Publisher URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966636217307087?via%3Dihub
• Additional Information: This is the accepted manuscript of an article published in Gait and posture, 2017. The version of record is available at the DOI link in this record.; ; The 1000 Norms Project Consortium: The members of the 1000 Norms Project Consortium are as follows: University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia: Jennifer Baldwin, Marnee McKay, Angus Chard, Paulo Ferreira, Alycia Fong Yan, Claire Hiller, Fiona Lee (nee Zheng), Martin Mackey, Niamh Moloney, Seyed Mousavi, Leslie Nicholson, Elizabeth Nightingale, Fereshteh Pourkazemi, Jacqueline Raymond, Kristy Rose, Milena Simic, Amy Sman, Caleb Wegener, Kathryn Refshauge and Joshua Burns; Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia: Niamh Moloney; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia: Kathryn North; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney: Markus Hübscher; University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom: Natalie Vanicek; University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia: Kate Quinlan.
• Contract Date: Aug 10, 2017