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Cytocompatibility, bioactivity and mechanical strength of calcium phosphate cement reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and bovine serum albumin

Gerhardt, Lutz Christian; Boccaccini, Aldo R.

Authors

Lutz Christian Gerhardt

Aldo R. Boccaccini



Abstract

This paper reports on the in vitro cytotoxicity, bioactivity behaviour and mechanical properties of novel injectable calcium phosphate cement filled with hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and bovine serum albumin (CPC/MWCNT-OH/BSA). To predict the in vitro bioactivity of the calcium phosphate composites, we investigated apatite formation on CPC/MWCNT-OH/BSA composites after soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF) for up to 28 days. Compressive strength tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and cell culture experiments with human CCD-18Co fibroblasts cell lines were performed to evaluate the effect of SBF pre-treatment on the mechanical, structural and biological properties of the CPC/MWCNT-OH/BSA composites. Although apatite formation increased significantly with SBF immersion period, the results showed that all soaked CPC/MWCNT-OH/BSA composites exhibited up to 2.5 times lower compressive strength (13-20 MPa), which were however higher than values reported for the strength of trabecular bone (2-12 MPa). Cell culture experiments showed that low concentrations (6.25 and 12.5 μg/ml) of bio-mineralised CPC/MWCNT-OH/BSA composites led to cell proliferative rather than cytotoxic effects on fibroblasts, evidenced by high cell viabilities (104-113%). The novel CPC/MWCNT-OH/BSA composites presented in this study showed favourable cytocompatible and bioactive behaviour along with high compressive strength (13-32 MPa) and are therefore considered as an attractive bone filling material. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

Citation

Gholami, F., Zein, S. H. S., Gerhardt, L. C., Low, K. L., Tan, S. H., McPhail, D. S., …Boccaccini, A. R. (2013). Cytocompatibility, bioactivity and mechanical strength of calcium phosphate cement reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and bovine serum albumin. Ceramics international, 39(5), 4975-4983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.11.094

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Nov 28, 2012
Online Publication Date Dec 25, 2012
Publication Date 2013-07
Deposit Date Jul 7, 2020
Journal Ceramics International
Print ISSN 0272-8842
Publisher Elsevier
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 39
Issue 5
Pages 4975-4983
DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.11.094
Keywords Cytotoxicity; In vitro bioactivity; Compressive strength; CPCs
Public URL https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/549840
Publisher URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272884212013508?via%3Dihub