Cytocompatibility, bioactivity and mechanical strength of calcium phosphate cement reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and bovine serum albumin

Gerhardt, Lutz Christian; Boccaccini, Aldo R.

Abstract

This paper reports on the in vitro cytotoxicity, bioactivity behaviour and mechanical properties of novel injectable calcium phosphate cement filled with hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and bovine serum albumin (CPC/MWCNT-OH/BSA). To predict the in vitro bioactivity of the calcium phosphate composites, we investigated apatite formation on CPC/MWCNT-OH/BSA composites after soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF) for up to 28 days. Compressive strength tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and cell culture experiments with human CCD-18Co fibroblasts cell lines were performed to evaluate the effect of SBF pre-treatment on the mechanical, structural and biological properties of the CPC/MWCNT-OH/BSA composites. Although apatite formation increased significantly with SBF immersion period, the results showed that all soaked CPC/MWCNT-OH/BSA composites exhibited up to 2.5 times lower compressive strength (13-20 MPa), which were however higher than values reported for the strength of trabecular bone (2-12 MPa). Cell culture experiments showed that low concentrations (6.25 and 12.5 μg/ml) of bio-mineralised CPC/MWCNT-OH/BSA composites led to cell proliferative rather than cytotoxic effects on fibroblasts, evidenced by high cell viabilities (104-113%). The novel CPC/MWCNT-OH/BSA composites presented in this study showed favourable cytocompatible and bioactive behaviour along with high compressive strength (13-32 MPa) and are therefore considered as an attractive bone filling material. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

Citation

Gholami, F., Zein, S. H. S., Gerhardt, L. C., Low, K. L., Tan, S. H., McPhail, D. S., Grover, L. M., & Boccaccini, A. R. (2013). Cytocompatibility, bioactivity and mechanical strength of calcium phosphate cement reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and bovine serum albumin. Ceramics international, 39(5), 4975-4983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.11.094

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Nov 28, 2012
• Online Publication Date: Dec 25, 2012
• Publication Date: 2013-07
• Deposit Date: Jul 7, 2020
• Journal: Ceramics International
• Print ISSN: 0272-8842
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 39
• Issue: 5
• Pages: 4975-4983
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.11.094
• Keywords: Cytotoxicity; In vitro bioactivity; Compressive strength; CPCs
• Public URL: https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/549840
• Publisher URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272884212013508?via%3Dihub