Platelet biology in regenerative medicine of skeletal muscle

Scully, D.; Naseem, K. M.; Matsakas, A.

Abstract

Platelet‐based applications such as platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and platelet releasate have gained unprecedented attention in regenerative medicine across a variety of tissues as of late. The rationale behind utilizing PRP originates in the delivery of key cytokines and growth factors from α‐granules to the targeted area, which in turn act as cell cycle regulators and promote the healing process across a variety of tissues. The aim of the present review is to assimilate current experimental evidence on the role of platelets as biomaterials in tissue regeneration, particularly in skeletal muscle, by integrating findings from human, animal and cell studies. This review is composed of 3 parts: firstly, we review key aspects of platelet biology that precede the preparation and use of platelet‐related applications for tissue regeneration. Secondly, we critically discuss relevant evidence on platelet‐mediated regeneration in skeletal muscle focusing on findings from (i) clinical trials, (ii) experimental animal studies and (iii) cell culture studies; and thirdly, we discuss the application of platelets in the regeneration of several other tissues including tendon, bone, liver, vessels and nerve. Finally, we review key technical variations in platelet preparation that may account for the large discrepancy in outcomes from different studies. This review provides an up‐to‐date reference tool for biomedical and clinical scientists involved in platelet‐mediated tissue regenerative applications.

Citation

Scully, D., Naseem, K. M., & Matsakas, A. (2018). Platelet biology in regenerative medicine of skeletal muscle. Acta Physiologica, 223(3), Article e13071. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.13071

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Apr 1, 2018
• Online Publication Date: Apr 19, 2018
• Publication Date: Jul 1, 2018
• Deposit Date: Jul 3, 2018
• Publicly Available Date: Apr 20, 2019
• Journal: Acta Physiologica
• Print ISSN: 1748-1708
• Electronic ISSN: 1748-1716
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 223
• Issue: 3
• Article Number: e13071
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.13071
• Keywords: Physiology
• Public URL: https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/816917
• Publisher URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/apha.13071