Simultaneous thermal and visual imaging of liquid water of the PEM fuel cell flow channels

Aslam, R. M.; Ingham, D. B.; Ismail, M. S.; Hughes, K. J.; Ma, L.; Pourkashanian, M.

doi:10.1016/j.joei.2018.01.005

Fully-developed laminar flow in trapezoidal ducts with rounded corners: a numerical solution and case study (2021)
Journal Article
Ismail, M. S., Berber, M. R., Alrowaili, Z. A., & Pourkashanian, M. (2022). Fully-developed laminar flow in trapezoidal ducts with rounded corners: a numerical solution and case study. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow, 32(8), 2682-2699. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-09-2021-0620

Purpose: This paper aims to numerically solve fully developed laminar flow in trapezoidal ducts with rounded corners which result following forming processes. Design/methodology/approach: A two-dimensional model for a trapezoidal duct with rounded co... Read More about Fully-developed laminar flow in trapezoidal ducts with rounded corners: a numerical solution and case study.

Effect of composition and structure of gas diffusion layer and microporous layer on the through-plane gas permeability of PEFC porous media (2021)
Journal Article
Neehall, N. D., Ismail, M. S., Hughes, K. J., & Pourkashanian, M. (2021). Effect of composition and structure of gas diffusion layer and microporous layer on the through-plane gas permeability of PEFC porous media. International journal of energy research, 45(15), 20988-21005. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.7158

The through-plane permeability of the gas diffusion media (GDM) is investigated experimentally with regard to the microporous layer (MPL) composition and the gas diffusion layer (GDL) composition and structure. The MPL composition is held constant at... Read More about Effect of composition and structure of gas diffusion layer and microporous layer on the through-plane gas permeability of PEFC porous media.

Effects of compression on mechanical integrity, gas permeability and thermal stability of gas diffusion layers with/without sealing gaskets (2021)
Journal Article
Aldakheel, F., Ismail, M. S., Hughes, K. J., Ingham, D. B., Ma, L., & Pourkashanian, M. (2021). Effects of compression on mechanical integrity, gas permeability and thermal stability of gas diffusion layers with/without sealing gaskets. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 46(44), 22907-22919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.04.087

The compressibility, the gas permeability and the thermal stability of 4 commercially available uncoated GDLs (or carbon substrates) and MPL-coated GDLs are, with/without Teflon and silicone sealing gaskets, investigated before and after performing e... Read More about Effects of compression on mechanical integrity, gas permeability and thermal stability of gas diffusion layers with/without sealing gaskets.

A dynamic model of air-breathing polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC): A parametric study (2021)
Journal Article
Calili, F., Ismail, M. S., Ingham, D. B., Hughes, K. J., Ma, L., & Pourkashanian, M. (2021). A dynamic model of air-breathing polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC): A parametric study. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 46(33), 17343-17357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.02.133

A dynamic model for an air-breathing PEFC has been built to investigate the transient response of the fuel cell to load changes. The sensitivities of the dynamic response, as well as the steady state performance, to: the ambient temperature and relat... Read More about A dynamic model of air-breathing polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC): A parametric study.

Mathematical modeling of sustainable energy production using nanotechnology (2021)
Book Chapter
Behjani, M. A., Ismail, M. S., Ahmed, W., Pourkashanian, M., & Hassanpour, A. (2021). Mathematical modeling of sustainable energy production using nanotechnology. In W. Ahmed, M. Booth, & E. Nourafkan (Eds.), Emerging Nanotechnologies for Renewable Energy : Micro and Nano Technologies (559-590). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821346-9.00013-4

This chapter reviews the main mathematical and computational techniques used for the modeling of nanotechnology-based sustainable energy systems. The application of nanotechnology in the sustainable energy sector predominantly consists of the use of... Read More about Mathematical modeling of sustainable energy production using nanotechnology.

Erratum: Tuning the Electrical and Solar Thermal Heating Efficiencies of Nanocarbon Aerogels (Chem. Mater. (2021) 33: 1 (392-402) DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04166) (2021)
Journal Article
Xia, D., Xu, Y., Mannering, J., Ma, X., Ismail, M. S., Borman, D., Baker, D. L., Pourkashanian, M., & Menzel, R. (2021). Erratum: Tuning the Electrical and Solar Thermal Heating Efficiencies of Nanocarbon Aerogels (Chem. Mater. (2021) 33: 1 (392-402) DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04166). Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society, 33(3), 1082. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c00026

We noticed that the Marie Curie Individual Fellowship of Dr. Xu (H2020-MSAC-IF-2019-885795-PolyTEM) was inappropriately acknowledged in the manuscript, as this funding source is not relevant to this study. All authors of this manuscript agree with st... Read More about Erratum: Tuning the Electrical and Solar Thermal Heating Efficiencies of Nanocarbon Aerogels (Chem. Mater. (2021) 33: 1 (392-402) DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04166).

Direct contact membrane distillation: A sensitivity analysis and an outlook on membrane effective thermal conductivity (2021)
Journal Article
Ismail, M. S., Mohamed, A. M., Poggio, D., & Pourkashanian, M. (2021). Direct contact membrane distillation: A sensitivity analysis and an outlook on membrane effective thermal conductivity. Journal of membrane science, 624, Article 119035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2020.119035

A rigorous and high-fidelity two-dimensional numerical model for a direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) module has been developed. The developed model incorporates all the key physics governing the transport phenomena taking place within the m... Read More about Direct contact membrane distillation: A sensitivity analysis and an outlook on membrane effective thermal conductivity.

Tuning the Electrical and Solar Thermal Heating Efficiencies of Nanocarbon Aerogels (2020)
Journal Article
Xia, D., Xu, Y., Mannering, J., Ma, X., Ismail, M. S., Borman, D., Baker, D. L., Pourkashanian, M., & Menzel, R. (2021). Tuning the Electrical and Solar Thermal Heating Efficiencies of Nanocarbon Aerogels. Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society, 33(1), 392-402. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04166

Nanocarbon aerogels display outstanding electrical and solar thermal heating efficiencies. However, little is known about the relationship between their microstructure and the heating performance. In this study, two different types of carbon nanotube... Read More about Tuning the Electrical and Solar Thermal Heating Efficiencies of Nanocarbon Aerogels.

Effects of geometrical dimensions of flow channels of a large-active-area PEM fuel cell: A CFD study (2020)
Journal Article
Carcadea, E., Ismail, M. S., Ingham, D. B., Patularu, L., Schitea, D., Marinoiu, A., Ion-Ebrasu, D., Mocanu, D., & Varlam, M. (2021). Effects of geometrical dimensions of flow channels of a large-active-area PEM fuel cell: A CFD study. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 46(25), 13572-13582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.08.150

Various flow field designs have been numerically investigated to evaluate the effect of pattern and the cross-sectional dimensions of the channel on the performance of a large active area PEM fuel cell. Three types of multiple-serpentine channels (7-... Read More about Effects of geometrical dimensions of flow channels of a large-active-area PEM fuel cell: A CFD study.

Gram-scale synthesis of alkoxide-derived nitrogen-doped carbon foam as a support for Fe-N-C electrocatalysts (2020)
Journal Article
Mufundirwa, A., Harrington, G. F., Ismail, M. S., Šmid, B., Cunning, B. V., Shundo, Y., Pourkashanian, M., Sasaki, K., Hayashi, A., & Lyth, S. M. (2020). Gram-scale synthesis of alkoxide-derived nitrogen-doped carbon foam as a support for Fe-N-C electrocatalysts. Nanotechnology, 31(22), Article 225401. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ab76ed

Non-platinum group metal (non-PGM) catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are set to reduce the cost of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEFCs) by replacing platinum at the cathode. We previously developed unique nitrogen-doped car... Read More about Gram-scale synthesis of alkoxide-derived nitrogen-doped carbon foam as a support for Fe-N-C electrocatalysts.

Gas permeability, wettability and morphology of gas diffusion layers before and after performing a realistic ex-situ compression test (2019)
Journal Article
Aldakheel, F., Ismail, M. S., Hughes, K. J., Ingham, D. B., Ma, L., Pourkashanian, M., Cumming, D., & Smith, R. (2020). Gas permeability, wettability and morphology of gas diffusion layers before and after performing a realistic ex-situ compression test. Renewable energy, 151, 1082-1091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.11.109

The through-plane gas permeability, wettability, thickness and morphology have been investigated before and after a compression test, which is important to the GDL design. The compression tests were designed to simulate the initial assembling compres... Read More about Gas permeability, wettability and morphology of gas diffusion layers before and after performing a realistic ex-situ compression test.

Comparative study of conventional and unconventional designs of cathode flow fields in PEM fuel cell (2019)
Journal Article
Azarafza, A., Ismail, M. S., Rezakazemi, M., & Pourkashanian, M. (2019). Comparative study of conventional and unconventional designs of cathode flow fields in PEM fuel cell. Renewable & sustainable energy reviews, 116, Article 109420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.109420

The choice of an appropriate flow field distributor is crucial to circumvent mass and charge transfer resistance-related issues in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this work, incorporating all the anisotropic nature of the gas diffusi... Read More about Comparative study of conventional and unconventional designs of cathode flow fields in PEM fuel cell.

PEM fuel cell performance improvement through numerical optimization of the parameters of the porous layers (2019)
Journal Article
Carcadea, E., Varlam, M., Ismail, M., Ingham, D. B., Marinoiu, A., Raceanu, M., Jianu, C., Patularu, L., & Ion-Ebrasu, D. (2020). PEM fuel cell performance improvement through numerical optimization of the parameters of the porous layers. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 45(14), 7968-7980. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.08.219

A numerical model for a PEM fuel cell has been developed and used to investigate the effect of some of the key parameters of the porous layers of the fuel cell (GDL and MPL) on its performance. The model is comprehensive as it is three-dimensional, m... Read More about PEM fuel cell performance improvement through numerical optimization of the parameters of the porous layers.

Effects of hydrogen relative humidity on the performance of an air-breathing PEM fuel cell: A numerical study (2019)
Journal Article
Chen, Z., Ingham, D., Ismail, M., Ma, L., Hughes, K. J., & Pourkashanian, M. (2020). Effects of hydrogen relative humidity on the performance of an air-breathing PEM fuel cell: A numerical study. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow, 30(4), 2077-2097. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-11-2018-0674

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of hydrogen humidity on the performance of air-breathing proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Design/methodology/approach: An efficient mathematical model for air-breathing PEM fu... Read More about Effects of hydrogen relative humidity on the performance of an air-breathing PEM fuel cell: A numerical study.

Comparative Study of the Effect of Fuel Deoxygenation and Polar Species Removal on Jet Fuel Surface Deposition (2019)
Journal Article
Alborzi, E., Gadsby, P., Ismail, M. S., Sheikhansari, A., Dwyer, M. R., Meijer, A. J., Blakey, S. G., & Pourkashanian, M. (2019). Comparative Study of the Effect of Fuel Deoxygenation and Polar Species Removal on Jet Fuel Surface Deposition. Energy and Fuels, 33(3), 1825-1836. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b03468

The effect of near-complete deoxygenation and polar species removal on the deposition propensity of a Jet A-1 fuel type with marginal thermal oxidative stability was studied in a laboratory-scale approach. The fuel deoxygenation was carried out via n... Read More about Comparative Study of the Effect of Fuel Deoxygenation and Polar Species Removal on Jet Fuel Surface Deposition.

Influence of catalyst structure on PEM fuel cell performance – A numerical investigation (2019)
Journal Article
Carcadea, E., Varlam, M., Marinoiu, A., Raceanu, M., Ismail, M. S., & Ingham, D. B. (2019). Influence of catalyst structure on PEM fuel cell performance – A numerical investigation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 44(25), 12829-12841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.155

The effect of the catalyst microstructure on a 5 cm2 PEM fuel cell performance is numerically investigated. The catalyst layer composition and properties (i.e. ionomer volume fraction, platinum loading, particle radius, electrochemical active area an... Read More about Influence of catalyst structure on PEM fuel cell performance – A numerical investigation.

Dynamics of liquid water in the anode flow channels of PEM fuel cells: A numerical parametric study (2018)
Journal Article
Chen, Z. X., Ingham, D. B., Ismail, M. S., Ma, L., Hughes, K. J., & Pourkashanian, M. (2019). Dynamics of liquid water in the anode flow channels of PEM fuel cells: A numerical parametric study. Journal of the Energy Institute, 92(6), 1956-1967. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2018.10.016

A 3D volume of fluid (VOF) model for an anode channel in a PEM fuel cell has been built. The effects of the initial position of the water droplet, its size as well as the wettability of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) are investigated under different o... Read More about Dynamics of liquid water in the anode flow channels of PEM fuel cells: A numerical parametric study.

Modeling of portable fuel cells (2018)
Book Chapter
Ismail, M. S., Ingham, D. B., & Pourkashanian, M. (2018). Modeling of portable fuel cells. In P. Ferreira-Aparicio, & A. M. Chaparro (Eds.), Portable Hydrogen Energy Systems : Fuel Cells and Storage Fundamentals and Applications (51-66). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813128-2.00004-8

The mathematical formulation of the models of the air-breathing polymer-electrolyte-membrane (PEM) fuel cells is similar to that of the conventional PEM fuel cells. The only difference between the two formulations lies in how the boundary conditions... Read More about Modeling of portable fuel cells.

The effects of cathode flow channel size and operating conditions on PEM fuel performance: A CFD modelling study and experimental demonstration (2018)
Journal Article
Carcadea, E., Varlam, M., Ingham, D. B., Ismail, M. S., Patularu, L., Marinoiu, A., & Schitea, D. (2018). The effects of cathode flow channel size and operating conditions on PEM fuel performance: A CFD modelling study and experimental demonstration. International journal of energy research, 42(8), 2789-2804. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.4068

A comprehensive 3D, multiphase, and nonisothermal model for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell has been developed in this study. The model has been used to investigate the effects of the size of the parallel-type cathode flow channel on the fuel ce... Read More about The effects of cathode flow channel size and operating conditions on PEM fuel performance: A CFD modelling study and experimental demonstration.

Simultaneous thermal and visual imaging of liquid water of the PEM fuel cell flow channels (2018)
Journal Article
Aslam, R. M., Ingham, D. B., Ismail, M. S., Hughes, K. J., Ma, L., & Pourkashanian, M. (2019). Simultaneous thermal and visual imaging of liquid water of the PEM fuel cell flow channels. Journal of the Energy Institute, 92(2), 311-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2018.01.005

Water flooding and membrane dry-out are two major issues that could be very detrimental to the performance and/or durability of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The above two phenomena are well-related to the distributions of and the in... Read More about Simultaneous thermal and visual imaging of liquid water of the PEM fuel cell flow channels.

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