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Early arthritis induces disturbances at bone nanostructural level reflected in decreased tissue hardness in an animal model of arthritis (2018)
Journal Article
Vidal, B., Cascão, R., Finnilä, M. A., Lopes, I. P., Saarakkala, S., Zioupos, P., …Fonseca, J. E. (2018). Early arthritis induces disturbances at bone nanostructural level reflected in decreased tissue hardness in an animal model of arthritis. PLoS ONE, 13(1), Article e0190920. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190920

Introduction Arthritis induces joint erosions and skeletal bone fragility. Objectives The main goal of this work was to analyze the early arthritis induced events at bone architecture and mechanical properties at tissue level. Methods Eighty-eight Wi... Read More about Early arthritis induces disturbances at bone nanostructural level reflected in decreased tissue hardness in an animal model of arthritis.

'Phoenix polymers': Fire induced nanohardness in fibril-forming aromatic cyanate esters (2018)
Journal Article
Mooring, L., Thompson, S., Hall, S. A., Pani, S., Zioupos, P., Swan, M., …Hamerton, I. (2018). 'Phoenix polymers': Fire induced nanohardness in fibril-forming aromatic cyanate esters. RSC advances, 8(63), 36264-36271. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ra07449f

For the first time we present nanoindentation analysis of charred, cured aromatic cyanate esters, which exhibit outstanding mechanical properties when analysed under applied loads of 0.1-300 mN. Following charring (900 °C for 10 minutes to achieve gr... Read More about 'Phoenix polymers': Fire induced nanohardness in fibril-forming aromatic cyanate esters.

Effects of tofacitinib in early arthritis-induced bone loss in an adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model (2017)
Journal Article
Vidal, B., Cascão, R., Finnilä, M. A., Lopes, I. P., Da Glória, V. G., Saarakkala, S., …Fonseca, J. E. (2018). Effects of tofacitinib in early arthritis-induced bone loss in an adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model. Rheumatology, 57(8), 1461-1471. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kex258

Objectives. The main goal of this work was to analyse how treatment intervention with tofacitinib prevents the early disturbances of bone structure and mechanics in the rat model of adjuvant-induced arthritis. This is the first study to access the im... Read More about Effects of tofacitinib in early arthritis-induced bone loss in an adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model.

Rib biomechanical properties exhibit diagnostic potential for accurate ageing in forensic investigations (2017)
Journal Article
Bonicelli, A., Xhemali, B., Kranioti, E. F., & Zioupos, P. (2017). Rib biomechanical properties exhibit diagnostic potential for accurate ageing in forensic investigations. PLoS ONE, 12(5), Article e0176785. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176785

Age estimation remains one of the most challenging tasks in forensic practice when establishing a biological profile of unknown skeletonised remains. Morphological methods based on developmental markers of bones can provide accurate age estimates at... Read More about Rib biomechanical properties exhibit diagnostic potential for accurate ageing in forensic investigations.

Sharp and blunt force trauma concealment by thermal alteration in homicides: An in-vitro experiment for methodology and protocol development in forensic anthropological analysis of burnt bones (2017)
Journal Article
Macoveciuc, I., Márquez-Grant, N., Horsfall, I., & Zioupos, P. (2017). Sharp and blunt force trauma concealment by thermal alteration in homicides: An in-vitro experiment for methodology and protocol development in forensic anthropological analysis of burnt bones. Forensic Science International, 275, 260-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.03.014

Burning of human remains is one method used by perpetrators to conceal fatal trauma and expert opinions regarding the degree of skeletal evidence concealment are often disparate. This experiment aimed to reduce this incongruence in forensic anthropol... Read More about Sharp and blunt force trauma concealment by thermal alteration in homicides: An in-vitro experiment for methodology and protocol development in forensic anthropological analysis of burnt bones.

Localized tissue mineralization regulated by bone remodelling: A computational approach (2017)
Journal Article
Berli, M., Borau, C., Decco, O., Adams, G., Cook, R. B., Aznar, J. M. G., & Zioupos, P. (2017). Localized tissue mineralization regulated by bone remodelling: A computational approach. PLoS ONE, 12(3), Article e0173228. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173228

Bone is a living tissue whose main mechanical function is to provide stiffness, strength and protection to the body. Both stiffness and strength depend on the mineralization of the organic matrix, which is constantly being remodelled by the coordinat... Read More about Localized tissue mineralization regulated by bone remodelling: A computational approach.

Impact of P2RX7 ablation on the morphological, mechanical and tissue properties of bones in a murine model of duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016)
Journal Article
Mohamad, N. S., Sinadinos, A., Górecki, D. C., Zioupos, P., & Tong, J. (2016). Impact of P2RX7 ablation on the morphological, mechanical and tissue properties of bones in a murine model of duchenne muscular dystrophy. Journal of biomechanics, 49(14), 3444-3451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.09.016

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an inherited, lethal disorder characterised by progressive muscle degeneration and associated bone abnormalities. We have previously demonstrated that P2RX7 purinergic receptors contribute to the pathogenesis of D... Read More about Impact of P2RX7 ablation on the morphological, mechanical and tissue properties of bones in a murine model of duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Towards new material biomarkers for fracture risk (2016)
Journal Article
Greenwood, C., Clement, J., Dicken, A., Evans, J. P., Lyburn, I., Martin, R. M., …Zioupos, P. (2016). Towards new material biomarkers for fracture risk. Bone, 93, 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2016.09.006

Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone condition, characterised by low bone mass and increased fracture risk. Currently, the gold standard for identifying osteoporosis and increased fracture risk is through quantification of bone mineral density (BMD) usin... Read More about Towards new material biomarkers for fracture risk.

Classification of fracture and non-fracture groups by analysis of coherent X-ray scatter (2016)
Journal Article
Dicken, A. J., Evans, J. P. O., Rogers, K. D., Stone, N., Greenwood, C., Godber, S. X., …Zioupos, P. (2016). Classification of fracture and non-fracture groups by analysis of coherent X-ray scatter. Scientific reports, 6, Article 29011. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep29011

Osteoporotic fractures present a significant social and economic burden, which is set to rise commensurately with the aging population. Greater understanding of the physicochemical differences between osteoporotic and normal conditions will facilitat... Read More about Classification of fracture and non-fracture groups by analysis of coherent X-ray scatter.

Estimation of local anisotropy of plexiform bone: Comparison between depth sensing micro-indentation and Reference Point Indentation (2015)
Journal Article
Dall'Ara, E., Grabowski, P., Zioupos, P., & Viceconti, M. (2015). Estimation of local anisotropy of plexiform bone: Comparison between depth sensing micro-indentation and Reference Point Indentation. Journal of biomechanics, 48(15), 4073-4080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.10.001

The recently developed Reference Point Indentation (RPI) allows the measurements of bone properties at the tissue level in vivo. The goal of this study was to compare the local anisotropic behaviour of bovine plexiform bone measured with depth sensin... Read More about Estimation of local anisotropy of plexiform bone: Comparison between depth sensing micro-indentation and Reference Point Indentation.

The micro-architecture of human cancellous bone from fracture neck of femur patients in relation to the structural integrity and fracture toughness of the tissue (2015)
Journal Article
Greenwood, C., Clement, J. G., Dicken, A. J., Evans, J. P., Lyburn, I. D., Martin, R. M., …Zioupos, P. (2015). The micro-architecture of human cancellous bone from fracture neck of femur patients in relation to the structural integrity and fracture toughness of the tissue. Bone Reports, 3, 67-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2015.10.001

Osteoporosis is clinically assessed from bone mineral density measurements using dual energy X-ray absorption (DXA). However, these measurements do not always provide an accurate fracture prediction, arguably because DXA does not grapple with 'bone q... Read More about The micro-architecture of human cancellous bone from fracture neck of femur patients in relation to the structural integrity and fracture toughness of the tissue.

X-ray diffraction from bone employing annular and semi-annular beams (2015)
Journal Article
Dicken, A. J., Evans, J. P., Rogers, K. D., Stone, N., Greenwood, C., Godber, S. X., …Zioupos, P. (2015). X-ray diffraction from bone employing annular and semi-annular beams. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 60(15), 5803-5812. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/60/15/5803

There is a compelling need for accurate, low cost diagnostics to identify osteo-tissues that are associated with a high risk of fracture within an individual. To satisfy this requirement the quantification of bone characteristics such as 'bone qualit... Read More about X-ray diffraction from bone employing annular and semi-annular beams.

Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction using an annular beam (2015)
Journal Article
Dicken, A. J., Evans, J. P., Rogers, K. D., Greenwood, C., Godber, S. X., Prokopiou, D., …Zioupos, P. (2015). Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction using an annular beam. Optics express, 23(10), 13443-13454. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.013443

We demonstrate material phase identification by measuring polychromatic diffraction spots from samples at least 20 mm in diameter and up to 10 mm thick with an energy resolving point detector. Within our method an annular X-ray beam in the form of a... Read More about Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction using an annular beam.

Can masticatory electromyography be normalised to submaximal bite force? (2015)
Journal Article
Crawford, S. R., Burden, A. M., Yates, J. M., Zioupos, P., & Winwood, K. (2015). Can masticatory electromyography be normalised to submaximal bite force?. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 42(5), 323-330. https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.12268

The combination of bite force and jaw muscle electromyography (EMG) provides an insight into the performance of the stomatognathic system, especially in relation to dynamic movement tasks. Literature has extensively investigated possible methods for... Read More about Can masticatory electromyography be normalised to submaximal bite force?.

Timescales of self-healing in human bone tissue and polymeric ionic liquids (2014)
Journal Article
Akbarzadeh, J., Puchegger, S., Stojanovic, A., Kirchner, H. O., Binder, W. H., Bernstorff, S., …Peterlik, H. (2014). Timescales of self-healing in human bone tissue and polymeric ionic liquids. Bioinspired, Biomimetic and Nanobiomaterials, 3(3), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1680/bbn.14.00007

Strain (stress-free) relaxation in mechanically prestrained bone has a time constant of 75 s. It occurs by a reorganization of the proteoglycan-glycoprotein matrix between collagen fibers, which requires ionic interactions. Dissolving and relinking t... Read More about Timescales of self-healing in human bone tissue and polymeric ionic liquids.

Development of a strain rate dependent material model of human cortical bone for computer-aided reconstruction of injury mechanisms (2013)
Journal Article
Asgharpour, Z., Zioupos, P., Graw, M., & Peldschus, S. (2014). Development of a strain rate dependent material model of human cortical bone for computer-aided reconstruction of injury mechanisms. Forensic Science International, 236, 109-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.11.010

Computer-aided methods such as finite-element simulation offer a great potential in the forensic reconstruction of injury mechanisms. Numerous studies have been performed on understanding and analysing the mechanical properties of bone and the mechan... Read More about Development of a strain rate dependent material model of human cortical bone for computer-aided reconstruction of injury mechanisms.

Determining 'Age at death' for forensic purposes using human bone by a laboratory-based biomechanical analytical method (2013)
Journal Article
Zioupos, P., Williams, A., Christodoulou, G., & Giles, R. (2014). Determining 'Age at death' for forensic purposes using human bone by a laboratory-based biomechanical analytical method. Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 33(1), 109-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.10.015

Determination of age-at-death (AAD) is an important and frequent requirement in contemporary forensic science and in the reconstruction of past populations and societies from their remains. Its estimation is relatively straightforward and accurate (±... Read More about Determining 'Age at death' for forensic purposes using human bone by a laboratory-based biomechanical analytical method.

New insights to the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in bone phenotype and in dioxin-induced modulation of bone microarchitecture and material properties (2013)
Journal Article
Herlin, M., Finnilä, M. A., Zioupos, P., Aula, A., Risteli, J., Miettinen, H. M., …Viluksela, M. (2013). New insights to the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in bone phenotype and in dioxin-induced modulation of bone microarchitecture and material properties. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 273(1), 219-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2013.09.002

Bone is a target for high affinity aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands, such as dioxins. Although bone morphology, mineral density and strength are sensitive endpoints of dioxin toxicity, less is known about effects on bone microarchitecture and... Read More about New insights to the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in bone phenotype and in dioxin-induced modulation of bone microarchitecture and material properties.

Evaluation of the influence of strain rate on Colles' fracture load (2012)
Journal Article
Ural, A., Zioupos, P., Buchanan, D., & Vashishth, D. (2012). Evaluation of the influence of strain rate on Colles' fracture load. Journal of biomechanics, 45(10), 1854-1857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.04.023

Colles' fracture, a transverse fracture of the distal radius bone, is one of the most frequently observed osteoporotic fractures resulting from low energy or traumatic events, associated with low and high strain rates, respectively. Although experime... Read More about Evaluation of the influence of strain rate on Colles' fracture load.