Dr Anna Bird's Outputs (26)

A revised age, structural model and origin for the North Pennine Orefield in the Alston Block, northern England: intrusion (Whin Sill)-related base metal (Cu–Pb–Zn–F) mineralization (2021)
Journal Article
Dempsey, E. D., Holdsworth, R. E., Selby, D., Bird, A., Young, B., & Cornu, C. L. (2021). A revised age, structural model and origin for the North Pennine Orefield in the Alston Block, northern England: intrusion (Whin Sill)-related base metal (Cu–Pb–Zn–F) mineralization. Journal of the Geological Society, 178(4), Article jgs2020-226. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-226

Mineralization and associated fluid migration events in the c. 1500 km2 North Pennine Orefield (NPO) are known to be associated with tectonic activity, but the age of these tectonic events and origins of the base metal sulfide mineralization remain u... Read More about A revised age, structural model and origin for the North Pennine Orefield in the Alston Block, northern England: intrusion (Whin Sill)-related base metal (Cu–Pb–Zn–F) mineralization.

The nature and age of basement host rocks and fissure fills in the Lancaster field fractured reservoir, West of Shetland (2019)
Journal Article
Holdsworth, R. E., Trice, R., Hardman, K., McCaffrey, K. J., Morton, A., Frei, D., Dempsey, E., Bird, A., & Rogers, S. (2020). The nature and age of basement host rocks and fissure fills in the Lancaster field fractured reservoir, West of Shetland. Journal of the Geological Society, 177(5), 1057-1073. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2019-142

Hosting up to 3.3 billion barrels of oil in place, the upfaulted Precambrian crystalline rocks of the Lancaster field, offshore west of Shetland, give key insights into how fractured hydrocarbon reservoirs can form in such old rocks. The Neoarchean (... Read More about The nature and age of basement host rocks and fissure fills in the Lancaster field fractured reservoir, West of Shetland.

First evidence of Renlandian (c. 950-940 Ma) orogeny in Mainland Scotland: implications for the status of the Moine Supergroup and circum-North Atlantic correlations (2018)
Journal Article
Bird, A., Cutts, K., Strachan, R., Thirlwall, M. F., & Hand, M. (2018). First evidence of Renlandian (c. 950-940 Ma) orogeny in Mainland Scotland: implications for the status of the Moine Supergroup and circum-North Atlantic correlations. Precambrian research, 305, 283-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2017.12.019

Central problems in the interpretation of the Neoproterozoic geology of the North Atlantic region arise from uncertainties in the ages of, and tectonic drivers for, Tonian orogenic events recorded in eastern Laurentia and northern Baltica. The identi... Read More about First evidence of Renlandian (c. 950-940 Ma) orogeny in Mainland Scotland: implications for the status of the Moine Supergroup and circum-North Atlantic correlations.

Behaviours of pyroclastic and analogue materials, in dry and wet environments, for use in experimental modelling of pyroclastic density currents (2025)
Journal Article
Walding, N., Williams, R., Rowley, P., Dowey, N., Parsons, D., & Bird, A. (2025). Behaviours of pyroclastic and analogue materials, in dry and wet environments, for use in experimental modelling of pyroclastic density currents. Volcanica, 8(1), 261–285. https://doi.org/10.30909/vol/oxkm9163

Modelling pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) is a challenging yet essential element of hazard assessment. PDCs are unpredictable and internal processes are often difficult to measure directly. Analogue experiments have been an important tool for inv... Read More about Behaviours of pyroclastic and analogue materials, in dry and wet environments, for use in experimental modelling of pyroclastic density currents.

Provenance of late Pleistocene loess in central and eastern Europe: isotopic evidence for dominant local sediment sources (2025)
Journal Article
Fenn, K., Millar, I. L., Bird, A., Veres, D., & Wagner, D. (2025). Provenance of late Pleistocene loess in central and eastern Europe: isotopic evidence for dominant local sediment sources. Scientific reports, 15(1), Article 1624. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83698-5

Loess profiles along the Danube River provide a record of long-term Quaternary dust (loess) deposition in central-eastern Europe. Here, Sr-Nd isotopic data from four loess-palaeosol profiles (47 samples) spanning the last two-glacial-interglacial cyc... Read More about Provenance of late Pleistocene loess in central and eastern Europe: isotopic evidence for dominant local sediment sources.

Ikaite formation in streams affected by steel waste leachate: First report and potential impact on contaminant dynamics (2023)
Journal Article
Bastianini, L., Rogerson, M., Brasier, A., Prior, T. J., Hardman, K., Dempsey, E., Bird, A., & Mayes, W. M. (2024). Ikaite formation in streams affected by steel waste leachate: First report and potential impact on contaminant dynamics. Chemical Geology, 644, Article 121842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121842

Highly alkaline (pH 9–12) waters can arise from a range of globally significant and environmentally impactful industrial processes such as lime, steel and cement production, alumina refining and energy generation (e.g. combustion ashes). Such residue... Read More about Ikaite formation in streams affected by steel waste leachate: First report and potential impact on contaminant dynamics.

Eclogites and basement terrane tectonics in the northern arm of the Grenville orogen, NW Scotland (2023)
Journal Article
Bird, A., Thirlwall, M., Strachan, R. A., Millar, I. L., Dempsey, E. D., & Hardman, K. (2023). Eclogites and basement terrane tectonics in the northern arm of the Grenville orogen, NW Scotland. Geoscience Frontiers, 14(6), Article 101668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2023.101668

The presence of eclogites within continental crust is a key indicator of collisional orogenesis. Eclogites within the Eastern Glenelg basement inlier of the Northern Highland Terrane (NHT) have been re-dated in order to provide more accurate constrai... Read More about Eclogites and basement terrane tectonics in the northern arm of the Grenville orogen, NW Scotland.

Older than you think: using U–Pb calcite geochronology to better constrain basin-bounding fault reactivation, Inner Moray Firth Basin, western North Sea (2023)
Journal Article
Tamas, A., Holdsworth, R. E., Tamas, D. M., Dempsey, E. D., Hardman, K., Bird, A., Roberts, N. M., Lee, J., Underhill, J. R., McCarthy, D., McCaffrey, K. J., & Selby, D. (2023). Older than you think: using U–Pb calcite geochronology to better constrain basin-bounding fault reactivation, Inner Moray Firth Basin, western North Sea. Journal of the Geological Society, 180(5), Article jgs2022-166. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2022-166

Like many rift basins worldwide, the Inner Moray Firth Basin (IMFB) is bounded by major reactivated fault zones, including the Helmsdale Fault and the Great Glen Fault (GGF). The Jurassic successions exposed onshore close to these faults at Helmsdale... Read More about Older than you think: using U–Pb calcite geochronology to better constrain basin-bounding fault reactivation, Inner Moray Firth Basin, western North Sea.

Strike-slip influenced stratigraphic and structural development of the Foula Sandstone Group, Shetland: implications for offshore Devonian basin development on the northern UK continental shelf (2023)
Journal Article
Utley, T. A., Holdsworth, R. E., Blackbourn, G. A., Dempsey, E., Strachan, R. A., McCaffrey, K. J., Morton, A. C., Bird, A. F., Jones, R. R., Saßnowski, A., & Walker, R. J. (2023). Strike-slip influenced stratigraphic and structural development of the Foula Sandstone Group, Shetland: implications for offshore Devonian basin development on the northern UK continental shelf. Journal of the Geological Society, 180(3), Article jgs2022-148. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2022-148

The island of Foula, located 25 km SW of Shetland, preserves a gently folded, 1.6 km thick sequence of Middle Devonian sandstones spectacularly exposed in kilometre-long cliff sections >350 m high. These rocks unconformably overlie likely Precambrian... Read More about Strike-slip influenced stratigraphic and structural development of the Foula Sandstone Group, Shetland: implications for offshore Devonian basin development on the northern UK continental shelf.

Using UAV-Based Photogrammetry Coupled with In Situ Fieldwork and U-Pb Geochronology to Decipher Multi-Phase Deformation Processes: A Case Study from Sarclet, Inner Moray Firth Basin, UK (2023)
Journal Article
Tamas, A., Holdsworth, R. E., Tamas, D. M., Dempsey, E. D., Hardman, K., Bird, A., Underhill, J. R., McCarthy, D., McCaffrey, K. J., & Selby, D. (2023). Using UAV-Based Photogrammetry Coupled with In Situ Fieldwork and U-Pb Geochronology to Decipher Multi-Phase Deformation Processes: A Case Study from Sarclet, Inner Moray Firth Basin, UK. Remote Sensing, 15(3), Article 695. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030695

Constraining the age of formation and repeated movements along fault arrays in superimposed rift basins helps us to better unravel the kinematic history as well as the role of inherited structures in basin evolution. The Inner Moray Firth Basin (IMFB... Read More about Using UAV-Based Photogrammetry Coupled with In Situ Fieldwork and U-Pb Geochronology to Decipher Multi-Phase Deformation Processes: A Case Study from Sarclet, Inner Moray Firth Basin, UK.

Caledonian hot zone magmatism in the ‘Newer Granites’: insight from the Cluanie and Clunes plutons, Northern Scottish Highlands (2022)
Journal Article
Milne, E. J., Neill, I., Bird, A. F., Millar, I. L., McDonald, I., Dempsey, E. D., Olive, V., Odling, N., & Waters, E. C. (2023). Caledonian hot zone magmatism in the ‘Newer Granites’: insight from the Cluanie and Clunes plutons, Northern Scottish Highlands. Journal of the Geological Society, 180(2), Article jgs2022-076. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2022-076

Scottish ‘Newer Granites’ record the evolution of the Caledonides resulting from Iapetus subduction and slab breakoff during the Silurian–Devonian Scandian Orogeny, but relationships between geodynamics, petrogenesis and emplacement are incomplete. L... Read More about Caledonian hot zone magmatism in the ‘Newer Granites’: insight from the Cluanie and Clunes plutons, Northern Scottish Highlands.

Not all gravel deserts in northern China are sources of regionally deposited dust (2022)
Journal Article
Zhang, Z., Bird, A., Zhang, C., & Dong, Z. (2022). Not all gravel deserts in northern China are sources of regionally deposited dust. Atmospheric Environment, 273, Article 118984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.118984

Loess and dust deposits are the longest and best-preserved terrestrial record of climate changes available, and one of the most important records is the Chinese Loess Plateau. Ascertaining the provenance of the wind derived dust material is critical... Read More about Not all gravel deserts in northern China are sources of regionally deposited dust.

New onshore insights into the role of structural inheritance during Mesozoic opening of the Inner Moray Firth Basin, Scotland (2021)
Journal Article
Tamas, A., Holdsworth, R. E., Underhill, J. R., Tamas, D. M., Dempsey, E. D., Hardman, K., Bird, A., McCarthy, D., McCaffrey, K. J., & Selby, D. (2022). New onshore insights into the role of structural inheritance during Mesozoic opening of the Inner Moray Firth Basin, Scotland. Journal of the Geological Society, 179(2), Article 066. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2021-066

The Inner Moray Firth Basin (IMFB) forms the western arm of the North Sea trilete rift system that initiated mainly during the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous with the widespread development of major NE–SW-trending dip-slip growth faults. The IMFB is... Read More about New onshore insights into the role of structural inheritance during Mesozoic opening of the Inner Moray Firth Basin, Scotland.

A constant Chinese Loess Plateau dust source since the late Miocene (2019)
Journal Article
Bird, A., Millar, I., Rodenburg, T., Stevens, T., Rittner, M., Vermeesch, P., & Lu, H. (2020). A constant Chinese Loess Plateau dust source since the late Miocene. Quaternary science reviews, 227, 106042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.106042

© 2019 The Authors The Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary marks a major change in global climate and East Asian monsoon dynamic. However, the role of the global atmospheric dust-cycle over this time is unclear; in particular the degree to which changes in... Read More about A constant Chinese Loess Plateau dust source since the late Miocene.

Insights into the provenance of the Chinese Loess Plateau from joint zircon U-Pb and garnet geochemical analysis of last glacial loess (2017)
Journal Article
Fenn, K., Stevens, T., Bird, A., Limonta, M., Rittner, M., Vermeesch, P., Andò, S., Garzanti, E., Lu, H., Zhang, H., & Lin, Z. (2018). Insights into the provenance of the Chinese Loess Plateau from joint zircon U-Pb and garnet geochemical analysis of last glacial loess. Quaternary Research, 89(3), 645-659. https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.86

The Chinese Loess Plateau, the world’s largest and oldest loess record, preserves evidence of Asia’s long-term dust source dynamics, but there is uncertainty over the source of the deposits. Recent single-grain detrital zircon U-Pb age analysis has p... Read More about Insights into the provenance of the Chinese Loess Plateau from joint zircon U-Pb and garnet geochemical analysis of last glacial loess.

Quantitative estimation of the contribution of dust sources to Chinese loess using detrital zircon U-Pb age patterns (2016)
Journal Article
Zhang, H., Lu, H., Xu, X., Liu, X., Yang, T., Stevens, T., Bird, A., Xu, Z., Zhang, T., Lei, F., & Feng, H. (2016). Quantitative estimation of the contribution of dust sources to Chinese loess using detrital zircon U-Pb age patterns. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 121(11), 2085-2099. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jf003936

©2016. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. The origin and provenance of the loess deposits of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) are still debated. In order to pinpoint the dust sources, surface samples from the piedmont of the Northeastern... Read More about Quantitative estimation of the contribution of dust sources to Chinese loess using detrital zircon U-Pb age patterns.

The provenance of Taklamakan desert sand (2016)
Journal Article
Rittner, M., Vermeesch, P., Carter, A., Bird, A., Stevens, T., Garzanti, E., Andò, S., Vezzoli, G., Dutt, R., Xu, Z., & Lu, H. (2016). The provenance of Taklamakan desert sand. Earth and planetary science letters, 437, 127-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.036

Sand migration in the vast Taklamakan desert within the Tarim Basin (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous region, PR China) is governed by two competing transport agents: wind and water, which work in diametrically opposed directions. Net aeolian transport is... Read More about The provenance of Taklamakan desert sand.

Evidence from Rb–Sr mineral ages for multiple orogenic events in the Caledonides of Shetland, Scotland (2015)
Journal Article
Walker, S., Thirlwall, M. F., Strachan, R. A., & Bird, A. F. (2016). Evidence from Rb–Sr mineral ages for multiple orogenic events in the Caledonides of Shetland, Scotland. Journal of the Geological Society, 173(3), 489-503. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2015-034

Shetland occupies a unique central location within the North Atlantic Caledonides. Thirty-three new high-precision Rb–Sr mineral ages indicate a polyorogenic history. Ages of 723–702 Ma obtained from the vicinity of the Wester Keolka Shear Zone indic... Read More about Evidence from Rb–Sr mineral ages for multiple orogenic events in the Caledonides of Shetland, Scotland.

Corrigendum: Loess Plateau storage of Northeastern Tibetan Plateau-derived Yellow River sediment (2015)
Journal Article
Nie, J., Stevens, T., Rittner, M., Stockli, D., Garzanti, E., Limonta, M., Bird, A., Ando, S., Vermeesch, P., Saylor, J., Lu, H., Breecker, D., Hu, X., Liu, S., Resentini, A., Vezzoli, G., Peng, W., Carter, A., Ji, S., & Pan, B. (2016). Corrigendum: Loess Plateau storage of Northeastern Tibetan Plateau-derived Yellow River sediment. Nature communications, 7, 10831. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10831

Loess plateau storage of Northeastern Tibetan plateau-derived Yellow River sediment (2015)
Journal Article
Nie, J., Stevens, T., Rittner, M., Stockli, D., Garzanti, E., Limonta, M., Bird, A., Andò, S., Vermeesch, P., Saylor, J., Lu, H., Breecker, D., Hu, X., Liu, S., Resentini, A., Vezzoli, G., Peng, W., Carter, A., Ji, S., & Pan, B. (2015). Loess plateau storage of Northeastern Tibetan plateau-derived Yellow River sediment. Nature communications, 6(1), Article ARTN 8511. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9511

Marine accumulations of terrigenous sediment are widely assumed to accurately record climatic- and tectonic-controlled mountain denudation and play an important role in understanding late Cenozoic mountain uplift and global cooling. Underpinning this... Read More about Loess plateau storage of Northeastern Tibetan plateau-derived Yellow River sediment.