Pleasant emotions widen thought-action repertoires, develop long-term resources, and improve reaction time performance: A multi-study examination of the Broaden-and-Build theory among athletes

Perry, John L.; Burke, Rachel; Toner, John; Thompson, Mark; Nicholls, Adam R.

Abstract

The authors investigated relationships between emotions, coping, and resilience across two studies. In Study 1a, 319 athletes completed dispositional questionnaires relating to the aforementioned constructs. In Study 1b, 126 athletes from Study 1a repeated the same questionnaires 6months later. In Study 2, 21 athletes were randomly allocated to an emotional (e.g., pleasant or unpleasant emotions) or control group and undertook a laboratory-based reaction-time task across three time points. Questionnaires and salivary cortisol samples were collected before and after each performance with imagery-based emotional manipulations engendered during the second testing session. Partial longitudinal evidence of the broaden-and-build effects of pleasant emotions was found. Pleasant emotions may undo lingering cognitive resource losses incurred from previous unpleasant emotional experiences. In Study 2, pleasant and unpleasant emotions had an immediate and sustained psychophysiological and performance impact. Taken together, this research supports the application of broaden-and-build theory in framing emotional interventions for athletes.

Citation

Perry, J. L., Burke, R., Toner, J., Thompson, M., & Nicholls, A. R. (2021). Pleasant emotions widen thought-action repertoires, develop long-term resources, and improve reaction time performance: A multi-study examination of the Broaden-and-Build theory among athletes. Journal of sport & exercise psychology, 43(2), 155-170. https://doi.org/10.1123/JSEP.2020-0192

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Oct 16, 2020
• Publication Date: Jan 1, 2021
• Deposit Date: Oct 16, 2020
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 19, 2021
• Journal: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology
• Print ISSN: 0895-2779
• Publisher: Human Kinetics
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 43
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 155-170
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/JSEP.2020-0192
• Public URL: https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/3641820