Long COVID and cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study

Lawson, Claire Alexandra; Moss, Alastair James; Arnold, Jayanth Ranjit; Bagot, Catherine; Banerjee, Amitava; Berry, Colin; Greenwood, John; Hughes, Alun D.; Khunti, Kamlesh; Mills, Nicholas L.; Neubauer, Stefan; Raman, Betty; Sattar, Naveed; Leavy, Olivia C.; Richardson, Matthew; Elneima, Omer; McAuley, Hamish J.C.; Shikotra, Aarti; Singapuri, Amisha; Sereno, Marco; Saunders, Ruth; Harris, Victoria; Houchen-Wolloff, Linzy; Greening, Neil J.; Harrison, Ewen; Docherty, Annemarie B.; Lone, Nazir I.; Quint, Jennifer Kathleen; Chalmers, James; Ho, Ling Pei; Horsley, Alex; Marks, Michael; Poinasamy, Krisnah; Evans, Rachael; Wain, Louise V.; Brightling, Chris; McCann, Gerry P.; on behalf of the PHOSP-COVID Study Collaborative Group

Abstract

Background Pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cardiovascular risk factors have been associated with an increased risk of complications following hospitalisation with COVID-19, but their impact on the rate of recovery following discharge is not known. Objectives To determine whether the rate of patient-perceived recovery following hospitalisation with COVID-19 was affected by the presence of CVD or cardiovascular risk factors. Methods In a multicentre prospective cohort study, patients were recruited following discharge from the hospital with COVID-19 undertaking two comprehensive assessments at 5 months and 12 months. Patients were stratified by the presence of either CVD or cardiovascular risk factors prior to hospitalisation with COVID-19 and compared with controls with neither. Full recovery was determined by the response to a patient-perceived evaluation of full recovery from COVID-19 in the context of physical, physiological and cognitive determinants of health. Results From a total population of 2545 patients (38.8% women), 472 (18.5%) and 1355 (53.2%) had CVD or cardiovascular risk factors, respectively. Compared with controls (n=718), patients with CVD and cardiovascular risk factors were older and more likely to have had severe COVID-19. Full recovery was significantly lower at 12 months in patients with CVD (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.62, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.89) and cardiovascular risk factors (aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.86). Conclusion Patients with CVD or cardiovascular risk factors had a delayed recovery at 12 months following hospitalisation with COVID-19. Targeted interventions to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in patients with cardiovascular disease remain an unmet need.

Citation

Lawson, C. A., Moss, A. J., Arnold, J. R., Bagot, C., Banerjee, A., Berry, C., Greenwood, J., Hughes, A. D., Khunti, K., Mills, N. L., Neubauer, S., Raman, B., Sattar, N., Leavy, O. C., Richardson, M., Elneima, O., McAuley, H. J., Shikotra, A., Singapuri, A., Sereno, M., …on behalf of the PHOSP-COVID Study Collaborative Group. (2024). Long COVID and cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study. Open heart, 11(1), Article e002662. https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2024-002662

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: May 2, 2024
• Online Publication Date: May 27, 2024
• Publication Date: Jan 1, 2024
• Deposit Date: Oct 15, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Oct 18, 2024
• Journal: Open Heart
• Electronic ISSN: 2053-3624
• Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 11
• Issue: 1
• Article Number: e002662
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2024-002662
• Public URL: https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/4866674