Grahame Mackenzie's Outputs (18)

Development of methods for a 2-carbon extension of fatty acids under mild conditions (2025)
Thesis
Opara, U. (2025). Development of methods for a 2-carbon extension of fatty acids under mild conditions. (Thesis). University of Hull. https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/5086194

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play important roles in the human body in preventing and treating diverse diseases which includes Alzheimer's disease, cancers, cardiovascular diseases, epilepsy, inflammatory diseases and many others. Eicosapentae... Read More about Development of methods for a 2-carbon extension of fatty acids under mild conditions.

Spore exines increase vitamin D clinical bioavailability by mucoadhesion and bile triggered release (2022)
Journal Article
Diego-Taboada, A., Sathyapalan, T., Courts, F., Lorch, M., Almutairi, F., Burke, B. P., Harris, K., Kruusmägi, M., Walther, T., Booth, J., Boa, A. N., Archibald, S. J., Thompson, C., Atkin, S. L., & Mackenzie, G. (2022). Spore exines increase vitamin D clinical bioavailability by mucoadhesion and bile triggered release. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 350, 244-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.017

Sporopollenin exine capsules (SpECs) are microcapsules derived from the outer shells (exines) of plant spore and pollen grains. This work reports the first clinical study on healthy volunteers to show enhanced bioavailability of vitamin D encapsulate... Read More about Spore exines increase vitamin D clinical bioavailability by mucoadhesion and bile triggered release.

Sporopollenin exine capsules (SpECs) derived from Lycopodium clavatum provide practical antioxidant properties by retarding rancidification of an ω-3 oil (2020)
Journal Article
Thomasson, M. J., Diego-Taboada, A., Barrier, S., Martin-Guyout, J., Amedjou, E., Atkin, S. L., Queneau, Y., Boa, A. N., & Mackenzie, G. (2020). Sporopollenin exine capsules (SpECs) derived from Lycopodium clavatum provide practical antioxidant properties by retarding rancidification of an ω-3 oil. Industrial Crops and Products, 154, Article 112714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112714

In recent years the use of natural antioxidants in foodstuffs and personal care products has become increasingly important for consumers and therefore manufacturers. In this work, sporopollenin exine capsules (SpECs), extracted from spores of the com... Read More about Sporopollenin exine capsules (SpECs) derived from Lycopodium clavatum provide practical antioxidant properties by retarding rancidification of an ω-3 oil.

Chemically modified sporopollenin as a solid support for heterogeneous catalysts (2019)
Thesis
Abimbade, S. F. Chemically modified sporopollenin as a solid support for heterogeneous catalysts. (Thesis). University of Hull. https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/4222418

Application of the principles of ‘Green Chemistry’ has been a focus in recent years in the synthesis of fine chemicals, and solid-phase catalysts are useful tools in that endeavour compared to stoichiometric reagents. Another important principle of ‘... Read More about Chemically modified sporopollenin as a solid support for heterogeneous catalysts.

A natural solution to photoprotection and isolation of the potent polyene antibiotic, marinomycin A (2019)
Journal Article
Bailey, C. S., Zarins-Tutt, J. S., Agbo, M., Gao, H., Diego-Taboada, A., Gan, M., Hamed, R. B., Abraham, E. R., Mackenzie, G., Evans, P. A., & Goss, R. J. M. (2019). A natural solution to photoprotection and isolation of the potent polyene antibiotic, marinomycin A. Chemical science, 10(32), 7549-7553. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sc01375j

The photoprotection and isolation of marinomycin A using sporopollenin exine capsules (SpECs) derived from the spores of the plant Lycopodium clavatum is described. The marinomycins have a particularly short half-life in natural light, which severely... Read More about A natural solution to photoprotection and isolation of the potent polyene antibiotic, marinomycin A.

Sporopollenin, the least known yet toughest natural biopolymer (2015)
Journal Article
Mackenzie, G., Boa, A. N., Diego-Taboada, A., Atkin, S. L., & Sathyapalan, T. (2015). Sporopollenin, the least known yet toughest natural biopolymer. Frontiers in Materials, 2, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2015.00066

© 2015 Mackenzie, Boa, Diego-Taboada, Atkin and Sathyapalan. Sporopollenin is highly cross-linked polymer composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that is extraordinarily stable and has been found chemically intact in sedimentary rocks some 500 milli... Read More about Sporopollenin, the least known yet toughest natural biopolymer.

Sporopollenin as an efficient green support for covalent immobilization of a lipase (2015)
Journal Article
de Souza, S. P., Bassut, J., Marquez, H. V., Junior, I. I., Miranda, L. S. M., Huang, Y., Mackenzie, G., Boa, A. N., & de Souza, R. O. M. A. (2015). Sporopollenin as an efficient green support for covalent immobilization of a lipase. Catalysis science & technology, 5(6), 3130-3136. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4cy01682c

Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs), derived from the spores of Lycopodium clavatum, have been functionalised with 1,n-diamines and the resulting aminoalkyl microcapsules used to immobilize Candida antarctica lipase B (Cal B) via a glutaradehyde-base... Read More about Sporopollenin as an efficient green support for covalent immobilization of a lipase.

Novel applications of surface-modified sporopollenin exine capsules (2013)
Thesis
Huang, Y. Novel applications of surface-modified sporopollenin exine capsules. (Thesis). University of Hull. https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/4215614

The external shell (exine) of plant spores and pollen grains is composed of sporopollenin, which is an organic polymer renowned for its exceptional resistance to physical and chemical attack. The resilience of sporopollenin to high temperature, press... Read More about Novel applications of surface-modified sporopollenin exine capsules.

Sequestration of edible oil from emulsions using new single and double layered microcapsules from plant spores (2012)
Journal Article
Diego-Taboada, A., Cousson, P., Raynaud, E., Huang, Y., Lorch, M., Binks, B., Queneau, Y., Boa, A. N., Atkin, S. L., Beckett, S. T., & Mackenzie, G. (2012). Sequestration of edible oil from emulsions using new single and double layered microcapsules from plant spores. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 22(19), 9767-9773. https://doi.org/10.1039/c2jm00103a

Microcapsules were obtained conveniently from Lycopodium clavatum spores possessing either a single layered shell of sporopollenin (exine) or double layered shell of sporopollenin and cellulose with an inner layer (intine). These microcapsules were f... Read More about Sequestration of edible oil from emulsions using new single and double layered microcapsules from plant spores.

Dimroth-type rearrangement of 1-benzyl- and 1-glycosyl-5-aminoimidazoles to 4-(N-substituted amino)imidazoles (2011)
Journal Article
Costanzi, S., Rouse, S. P., Vanbaelinghem, L., Prior, T., Ewing, D. F., Boa, A. N., & Mackenzie, G. (2012). Dimroth-type rearrangement of 1-benzyl- and 1-glycosyl-5-aminoimidazoles to 4-(N-substituted amino)imidazoles. Tetrahedron letters; the international organ for the rapid publication of preliminary communications in organic chemistry, 53(4), 412-415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.11.058

An efficient route is described to an unusual exocyclic 4-β-d-ribofuranosyl-aminoimidazole nucleoside, related 4-N-benzylaminoimidazoles and imidazole analogues of precursors in the de novo biosynthesis of purines, via a regiospecific and stereoselec... Read More about Dimroth-type rearrangement of 1-benzyl- and 1-glycosyl-5-aminoimidazoles to 4-(N-substituted amino)imidazoles.

A synthesis of bredinin (Mizoribine®) from an acyclic precursor (2011)
Journal Article
Humble, R. W., Middleton, D. F., Banoub, J., Ewing, D. F., Boa, A. N., & Mackenzie, G. (2011). A synthesis of bredinin (Mizoribine®) from an acyclic precursor. Tetrahedron letters; the international organ for the rapid publication of preliminary communications in organic chemistry, 52(47), 6223-6227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.09.085

Bredinin (4-carbamoyl-1-β-D-ribofuranosylimidazolium-5-olate, 1) was synthesised by the formation of amalonamate from 2,3-isopropylidene-D-ribofuranosylamine and ethyl malonyl chloride, followed by a sequence involving amination, via reduction of an... Read More about A synthesis of bredinin (Mizoribine®) from an acyclic precursor.

Sporopollenin capsules at fluid interfaces: Particle-stabilised emulsions and liquid marbles (2011)
Journal Article
Binks, B., Boa, A. N., Kibble, M. A., MacKenzie, G., & Rocher, A. (2011). Sporopollenin capsules at fluid interfaces: Particle-stabilised emulsions and liquid marbles. Soft matter, 7(8), 4017-4024. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0sm01516d

Hollow particles of sporopollenin from spores of the plant Lycopodium clavatum have been prepared. These particles possess ionisable groups on their surface such that they become increasingly negatively charged with an increase in pH. The particles a... Read More about Sporopollenin capsules at fluid interfaces: Particle-stabilised emulsions and liquid marbles.

Access to a primary aminosporopollenin solid support from plant spores (2010)
Journal Article
Barrier, S., Löbbert, A., Boasman, A. J., Boa, A. N., Lorch, M., Atkin, S. L., & MacKenzie, G. (2010). Access to a primary aminosporopollenin solid support from plant spores. Green chemistry : an international journal and green chemistry resource : GC, 12(2), 234-240. https://doi.org/10.1039/b913215e

Sporopollenin, which is a naturally occurring and highly resilient organic polymer constituting the external shell of spores and pollen grains, has been converted into a primary amine form with a loading of 0.58 +/- 0.04 mmol. g(-1) by reductive amin... Read More about Access to a primary aminosporopollenin solid support from plant spores.

Analogues of bredinin: Synthesis of 5-hydroxyimidazoles from acyclic precursors (2008)
Thesis
Middleton, D. F. Analogues of bredinin: Synthesis of 5-hydroxyimidazoles from acyclic precursors. (Thesis). University of Hull. https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/4208664

Compared to 1-substituted-5-aminoimidazoles relatively few 1-substituted-5-hydroxyimidazoles have been reported; however, an interesting 1-substituted-5-hydroxyimidazole is the immunosuppressive agent bredinin, which shows antiviral, antimalarial, an... Read More about Analogues of bredinin: Synthesis of 5-hydroxyimidazoles from acyclic precursors.

The co-crystallisation of sugars by the supersaturation process (2008)
Thesis
Geary, P. M. The co-crystallisation of sugars by the supersaturation process. (Thesis). University of Hull. https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/4209378

Co-crystallising sugars by the supersaturation process was investigated using sucrose and lactose as the matrix sugars. The components to be cocrystallised with either sucrose or lactose were a variety of mono- and disaccharides along with sweeteners... Read More about The co-crystallisation of sugars by the supersaturation process.

Physical and chemical properties of sporopollenin exine particles (2008)
Thesis
Barrier, S. Physical and chemical properties of sporopollenin exine particles. (Thesis). University of Hull. https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/4213615

The chemical structure of sporopollenin was extensively reviewed, along with some considerations pertaining to its physical and biological properties. A comparative study is presented of extraction protocols to isolate exines from L. clavatum, in par... Read More about Physical and chemical properties of sporopollenin exine particles.

DSC study of sucrose melting (2006)
Journal Article
Beckett, S. T., Francesconi, M. G., Geary, P. M., Mackenzie, G., & Maulny, A. P. (2006). DSC study of sucrose melting. Carbohydrate Research, 341(15), 2591-2599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2006.07.004

An early endothermic peak at ∼150 °C was observed for crystalline sucrose by differential scanning calorimetry. The enthalpy at this temperature was found to vary with recrystallised sucrose from different sources. The addition of mineral salts to re... Read More about DSC study of sucrose melting.

Novel derivatives of sporopollenin for potential applications in solid phase organic synthesis and drug delivery (2001)
Thesis
Kettley, S. J. Novel derivatives of sporopollenin for potential applications in solid phase organic synthesis and drug delivery. (Thesis). University of Hull. https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/4212704

The outer coat (exine) of plant pollen grains and spores is composed of the material sporopollenin. Sporopollenin is exceptionally resistant to chemical and physical attack and is perhaps one of the most chemically resistant, naturally occurring orga... Read More about Novel derivatives of sporopollenin for potential applications in solid phase organic synthesis and drug delivery.