Can tumour antigens act as biomarkers for the early detection of non-small cell lung cancer?

Mohamed, Eithar; Fletcher, Daniel; Hart, Simon; Guinn, Barbara-ann

Abstract

Lung cancer (LC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Pulmonary nodules are one of the risk factors and their discovery rate has been increasing due to enhanced performance of chest CT scans but more than 90% are non-malignant causing unnecessary stress to patients and cost to healthcare providers. Early diagnosis of LC is associated with a 5-year survival rate of up to 75% following surgical resection but LC is often diagnosed late due to a lack of symptoms and poor 5-year survival rates as low as 10%. The cost of LC diagnosis is high with 40% of it being associated with benign lesions which are difficult to differentiate from malignant lesions. Tumour associated antigens (TAAs) may provide one way in which LC could be diagnosed early using minimally-invasive techniques, by virtue of their association with immune responses and specificity for disease. Here we discuss the potential of cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) to act as non-invasive biomarkers for the early detection of non-small cell lung cancer.

Citation

Mohamed, E., Fletcher, D., Hart, S., & Guinn, B.-A. (2024). Can tumour antigens act as biomarkers for the early detection of non-small cell lung cancer?. Onco, 4(2), 87-100. https://doi.org/10.3390/onco4020008

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: May 29, 2024
• Online Publication Date: May 31, 2024
• Publication Date: Jun 1, 2024
• Deposit Date: Mar 30, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Jun 4, 2024
• Journal: Onco
• Electronic ISSN: 2673-7523
• Publisher: MDPI
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 4
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 87-100
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/onco4020008
• Keywords: Lung cancer; Nodules; CT scan; Tumour-associated antigens (TAAs); Early diagnosis; Sensitivity; Specificity; Cancer testis antigens (CTA)
• Public URL: https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/4614672