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Routine exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation does not increase aerobic fitness: A CARE CR study (2020)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., Taylor, C., Goodman, T., Page, R., Kallvikbacka-Bennett, A., Nation, F., Clark, A. L., Birkett, S. T., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2020). Routine exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation does not increase aerobic fitness: A CARE CR study. International journal of cardiology, 305, 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.01.044

© 2020 The Authors Background: Recent evidence suggests that routine exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) may not lead to a substantial increase in estimated peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak). This could reduce the potential benefits of CR and expl... Read More about Routine exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation does not increase aerobic fitness: A CARE CR study.

Is cardiorespiratory fitness related to cardiometabolic health and all-cause mortality risk in patients with coronary heart disease? A CARE CR study (2018)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., Taylor, C., Page, R., Kallvikbacka-Bennett, A., Nation, F., Goodman, T., Clark, A. L., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2018). Is cardiorespiratory fitness related to cardiometabolic health and all-cause mortality risk in patients with coronary heart disease? A CARE CR study. Sports Medicine - Open, 4(1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-018-0138-z

© 2018, The Author(s). Background: Higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with lower morbidity and mortality in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The mechanisms for this are not fully understood. A more favourable cardiometabo... Read More about Is cardiorespiratory fitness related to cardiometabolic health and all-cause mortality risk in patients with coronary heart disease? A CARE CR study.

CARE CR-Cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory Adaptations to Routine Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation: a study protocol for a community-based controlled study with criterion methods (2018)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., Nation, F., Goodman, T., Clark, A. L., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2018). CARE CR-Cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory Adaptations to Routine Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation: a study protocol for a community-based controlled study with criterion methods. BMJ open, 8(1), e019216. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019216

Introduction Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Much of this improvement has been attributed to the beneficial effects of structured exercise training. However, UK... Read More about CARE CR-Cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory Adaptations to Routine Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation: a study protocol for a community-based controlled study with criterion methods.

Estimated peak functional capacity: an accurate method for assessing change in peak oxygen consumption after cardiac rehabilitation? (2017)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., Gleadall-Siddall, D. O., Antony, R., Clark, A. L., Cleland, J. G. F., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2018). Estimated peak functional capacity: an accurate method for assessing change in peak oxygen consumption after cardiac rehabilitation?. Clinical physiology and functional imaging, 38(4), 681-688. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12468

Summary Objective Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the ‘gold standard’ method of determining VO2peak. When CPET is unavailable, VO2peak may be estimated from treadmill or cycle ergometer workloads and expressed as estimated metabolic equiva... Read More about Estimated peak functional capacity: an accurate method for assessing change in peak oxygen consumption after cardiac rehabilitation?.

Exploring quality of life in patients with and without heart failure (2015)
Journal Article
Zhang, J., Hobkirk, J., Carroll, S., Pellicori, P., Clark, A. L., & Cleland, J. G. (2016). Exploring quality of life in patients with and without heart failure. International journal of cardiology, 202, 676-684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.09.076

Aims The EuroHeart Failure Survey Questionnaire (EHFSQ-1) has 39 questions on symptoms and quality of life (QoL); many items are related. We sought to identify underlying clusters amongst EHFSQ-1 questions, construct an overall “QoL score” and invest... Read More about Exploring quality of life in patients with and without heart failure.

Development of a human model for the study of effects of hypoxia, exercise, and sildenafil on cardiac and vascular function in chronic heart failure (2015)
Journal Article
Damy, T., Hobkirk, J., Walters, M., Ciobanu, A., Rigby, A. S., Kallvikbacka-Bennett, A., Guellich, A., Dubois-Rande, J.-L., Hittinger, L., Clark, A. L., & Cleland, J. G. F. (2015). Development of a human model for the study of effects of hypoxia, exercise, and sildenafil on cardiac and vascular function in chronic heart failure. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 66(3), 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1097/fjc.0000000000000262

Background: Pulmonary hypertension is associated with poor outcome in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and may be a therapeutic target. Our aims were to develop a noninvasive model for studying pulmonary vasoreactivity in CHF and characteriz... Read More about Development of a human model for the study of effects of hypoxia, exercise, and sildenafil on cardiac and vascular function in chronic heart failure.

Does home oxygen therapy (HOT) in addition to standard care reduce disease severity and improve symptoms in people with chronic heart failure? A randomised trial of home oxygen therapy for patients with chronic heart failure (2015)
Journal Article
Clark, A. L., Johnson, M., Fairhurst, C., Torgerson, D., Cockayne, S., Rodgers, S., Griffin, S., Allgar, V., Jones, L., Nabb, S., Harvey, I., Squire, I., Murphy, J., & Greenstone, M. (2015). Does home oxygen therapy (HOT) in addition to standard care reduce disease severity and improve symptoms in people with chronic heart failure? A randomised trial of home oxygen therapy for patients with chronic heart failure. Health Technology Assessment, 19(75), 1-120. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta19750

Background: Home oxygen therapy (HOT) is commonly used for patients with severe chronic heart failure
(CHF) who have intractable breathlessness. There is no trial evidence to support its use.

Objectives: To detect whether or not there was a quality-... Read More about Does home oxygen therapy (HOT) in addition to standard care reduce disease severity and improve symptoms in people with chronic heart failure? A randomised trial of home oxygen therapy for patients with chronic heart failure.

The relation between repeated 6-minute walk test performance and outcome in patients with chronic heart failure (2014)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., Cleland, J. G., & Clark, A. L. (2014). The relation between repeated 6-minute walk test performance and outcome in patients with chronic heart failure. Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 57(4), 244-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.004

Objective: To assess the prognostic implications of the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) distance measured twice, one year apart, in a large sample of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) followed for an extended period ( > . 8. years from baseline).... Read More about The relation between repeated 6-minute walk test performance and outcome in patients with chronic heart failure.

The long-term prognostic significance of 6-minute walk test distance in patients with chronic heart failure (2014)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., Cleland, J. G., & Clark, A. L. (2014). The long-term prognostic significance of 6-minute walk test distance in patients with chronic heart failure. Biomed research international, 2014, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/505969

Background. The 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) is used to assess patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The prognostic significance of the 6-MWT distance during long-term followup ( > 5 years) is unclear. Methods. 1,667 patients (median [inter-quarti... Read More about The long-term prognostic significance of 6-minute walk test distance in patients with chronic heart failure.

Development of a composite model derived from cardiopulmonary exercise tests to predict mortality risk in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure (2014)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., Rigby, A. S., Sloan, R., Carroll, S., Goode, K. M., Cleland, J. G., & Clark, A. L. (2014). Development of a composite model derived from cardiopulmonary exercise tests to predict mortality risk in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure. Heart, 100(10), 781-786. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304614

Objective: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is used to predict outcome in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure (HF). Single CPET-derived variables are often used, but we wanted to see if a composite score achieved better predictive pow... Read More about Development of a composite model derived from cardiopulmonary exercise tests to predict mortality risk in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure.

Effects of reducing inspired oxygen concentration for one hour in patients with chronic heart failure: implications for air travel (2013)
Journal Article
Hobkirk, J. P., Damy, T., Walters, M., Bennett, A., Smith, S. J., Ingle, L., Clark, A. L., & Cleland, J. G. (2013). Effects of reducing inspired oxygen concentration for one hour in patients with chronic heart failure: implications for air travel. European journal of heart failure, 15(5), 505-510. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hft003

AimsThe objective of this study was to establish the acute effects of hypoxia on clinical, spirometric, haemodynamic, and echocardiographic variables. Reducing inspired oxygen to 15%, as experienced during commercial air travel, decreases arterial ox... Read More about Effects of reducing inspired oxygen concentration for one hour in patients with chronic heart failure: implications for air travel.

Abnormalities of the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide in patients with chronic heart failure (2012)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., Sloan, R., Carroll, S., Goode, K., Cleland, J. G., & Clark, A. L. (2012). Abnormalities of the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide in patients with chronic heart failure. Pulmonary Medicine, 2012, 589164. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/589164

Introduction. The relation between minute ventilation (VE) and carbon dioxide production (VCO(2)) can be characterised by the instantaneous ratio of ventilation to carbon dioxide production, the ventilatory equivalent for CO(2) (VEqCO(2)). We hypothe... Read More about Abnormalities of the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide in patients with chronic heart failure.

Prevalence of, associations with, and prognostic value of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) among out-patients referred for the evaluation of heart failure (2012)
Journal Article
Damy, T., Kallvikbacka-Bennett, A., Goode, K., Khaleva, O., Lewinter, C., Hobkirk, J., Nikitin, N. P., Dubois-Randé, J.-L., Hittinger, L., Clark, A. L., & Cleland, J. G. F. (2012). Prevalence of, associations with, and prognostic value of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) among out-patients referred for the evaluation of heart failure. Journal of cardiac failure, 18(3), 216-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2011.12.003

Background: Prevalence, predictors, and prognostic value of right ventricular (RV) function measured by the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) symptoms with a broad range of left ventricula... Read More about Prevalence of, associations with, and prognostic value of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) among out-patients referred for the evaluation of heart failure.

Does the physical examination still have a role in patients with suspected heart failure? (2011)
Journal Article
Damy, T., Kallvikbacka-Bennett, A., Zhang, J., Goode, K., Buga, L., Hobkirk, J., Yassin, A., Dubois-Randé, J.-L., Hittinger, L., Cleland, J. G. F., & Clark, A. L. (2011). Does the physical examination still have a role in patients with suspected heart failure?. European journal of heart failure, 13(12), 1340-1348. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfr128

AIMS: The prognostic value of signs of congestion in patients suspected of having chronic heart failure (CHF) is unknown. Our objectives were to define their prevalence and specificity in diagnosing CHF and to determine their prognostic value in pati... Read More about Does the physical examination still have a role in patients with suspected heart failure?.

Influence of step length on 6-minute walk test performance in patients with chronic heart failure (2011)
Journal Article
Pepera, G. K., Sandercock, G. R., Sloan, R., Cleland, J. J., Ingle, L., & Clark, A. L. (2012). Influence of step length on 6-minute walk test performance in patients with chronic heart failure. Physiotherapy, 98(4), 325-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2011.08.005

Objective: To investigate the influence of gait parameters including step length and walking speed during performance of the 6-minute walking test (6MWT) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Design: Observational study. Setting: Specialist h... Read More about Influence of step length on 6-minute walk test performance in patients with chronic heart failure.

Prognostic significance of different measures of the ventilation-carbon dioxide relation in patients with suspected heart failure (2011)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., Sloan, R., Carroll, S., Goode, K., Cleland, J. G., & Clark, A. L. (2011). Prognostic significance of different measures of the ventilation-carbon dioxide relation in patients with suspected heart failure. European journal of heart failure, 13(5), 537-542. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfq238

Aims We studied the prognostic significance of the ventilatory equivalent of carbon dioxide production (VEqCO 2 ) at different time-points of a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in patients with suspected heart failure (HF). Methods and re... Read More about Prognostic significance of different measures of the ventilation-carbon dioxide relation in patients with suspected heart failure.

Experiences of air travel in patients with chronic heart failure (2011)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., Hobkirk, J., Damy, T., Nabb, S., Clark, A. L., & Cleland, J. G. (2012). Experiences of air travel in patients with chronic heart failure. International journal of cardiology, 158(1), 66-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.12.101

AIM: To conduct a survey in a representative cohort of ambulatory patients with stable, well managed chronic heart failure (CHF) to discover their experiences of air travel. METHODS: An expert panel including a cardiologist, an exercise scientist, an... Read More about Experiences of air travel in patients with chronic heart failure.

Cardiac output does not limit submaximal exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure (2010)
Journal Article
Shelton, R. J., Ingle, L., Rigby, A. S., Witte, K. K., Cleland, J. G., & Clark, A. L. (2010). Cardiac output does not limit submaximal exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure. European journal of heart failure, 12(9), 983-989. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfq086

Aims
Mechanisms of exercise limitation in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) are incompletely understood. During matched submaximal, fixed-rate exercise, oxygen uptake is similar in patients and healthy controls. However, the importance of ca... Read More about Cardiac output does not limit submaximal exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure.