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Characterising acute and chronic care needs: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (2025)
Journal Article
Zuniga, Y. M. H., Zumla, A., Zuhlke, L. J., Zoladl, M., Ziaeian, B., Zhong, C., Zhao, X. J. G., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, J., Zepro, N. B., Zenebe, G. A., Zeitoun, J. D., Zegeye, Z. B., Zastrozhin, M. S., Zareshahrabadi, Z., Zarea, K., Dehnavi, A. Z., Zare, I., Zangiabadian, M., Zangeneh, A., …Soyiri, I. N. (2025). Characterising acute and chronic care needs: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Nature communications, 16(1), Article 4235. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-56910-x

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care addresses short-term conditions. Chronic conditions increasingly strain health systems, which are often unprepared for these demands. This study examines the burden of condition... Read More about Characterising acute and chronic care needs: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (2025)
Journal Article
Steel, N., Bauer-Staeb, C. M. M., Ford, J. A., Abbafati, C., Abdalla, M. A., Abdelkader, A., Abdi, P., Zuñiga, R. A. A., Abiodun, O. O., Abolhassani, H., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Abukhadijah, H. J., Abu-Zaid, A., Addo, I. Y., Addolorato, G., Adekanmbi, V., Adetunji, J. B., Adeyeoluwa, T. E., Agardh, E. E., Agyemang-Duah, W., …Soyiri, I. (2025). Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet. Public Health, 10(3), e172-e188. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667%2825%2900009-X

Background: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates... Read More about Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Breathlessness without borders: a call to action for global breathlessness research (2024)
Journal Article
Clark, J. D., Binnie, K., Bond, M., Crooks, M., Currow, D. C., Curry, J., Elsey, H., Habib, M., Hutchinson, A., Soyiri, I., Johnson, M. J., Nair, S., Rao, S., Siqueira-Filha, N., Spathis, A., & Williams, S. (2024). Breathlessness without borders: a call to action for global breathlessness research. NPJ Primary Care Respiratory Medicine, 34(1), Article 26. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41533-024-00384-9

It is likely that the burden of breathlessness in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) is much higher than has been estimated using calculations of disease burden and expected prevalence of the symptom. However, most breathlessness research has be... Read More about Breathlessness without borders: a call to action for global breathlessness research.

The state of health in the European Union (EU-27) in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2019 (2024)
Journal Article
Santos, J. V., Padron-Monedero, A., Bikbov, B., Grad, D. A., Plass, D., Mechili, E. A., Gazzelloni, F., Fischer, F., Sulo, G., Ngwa, C. H., Noguer-Zambrano, I., Peñalvo, J. L., Haagsma, J. A., Kissimova-Skarbek, K., Monasta, L., Ghith, N., Sarmiento-Suárez, R., Hrzic, R., Haneef, R., O'caoimh, R., …Soyiri, I. N. (2024). The state of health in the European Union (EU-27) in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2019. BMC public health, 24(1), Article 1374. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18529-3

Background: The European Union (EU) faces many health-related challenges. Burden of diseases information and the resulting trends over time are essential for health planning. This paper reports estimates of disease burden in the EU and individual 27... Read More about The state of health in the European Union (EU-27) in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2019.

Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022–2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (2024)
Journal Article
Vollset, S. E., Ababneh, H. S., Abate, Y. H., Abbafati, C., Abbasgholizadeh, R., Abbasian, M., Abbastabar, H., Abd Al Magied, A. H., Abd ElHafeez, S., Abdelkader, A., Abdelmasseh, M., Abd-Elsalam, S., Abdi, P., Abdollahi, M., Abdoun, M., Abdullahi, A., Abebe, M., Abiodun, O., Aboagye, R. G., Abolhassani, H., …Soyiri, I. (2024). Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022–2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet, 403(10440), 2204-2256. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2824%2900685-8

Background: Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded... Read More about Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022–2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (2024)
Journal Article
Brauer, M., Roth, G. A., & Soyiri, I. (2024). Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet, 403(10440), 2162-2203. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2824%2900933-4

Background: Understanding the health consequences associated with exposure to risk factors is necessary to inform public health policy and practice. To systematically quantify the contributions of risk factor exposures to specific health outcomes, th... Read More about Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950–2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (2024)
Journal Article
Schumacher, A. E., Hmwe Kyu, H., & Soyiri, I. N. (2024). Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950–2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet, 403(10440), 1989-2056. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2824%2900476-8

Background: Estimates of demographic metrics are crucial to assess levels and trends of population health outcomes. The profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on populations worldwide has underscored the need for timely estimates to understand this... Read More about Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950–2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (2024)
Journal Article
Naghavi, M., Ong, K. L., & Soyiri, I. (2024). Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet, 403(10440), 2100-2132. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2824%2900367-2

Background: Regular, detailed reporting on population health by underlying cause of death is fundamental for public health decision making. Cause-specific estimates of mortality and the subsequent effects on life expectancy worldwide are valuable met... Read More about Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (2024)
Journal Article
Ferrari, A. J., Francesco Santomauro, D., & Soyiri, I. (2024). Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet, 403(10440), 2133-2161. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2824%2900757-8

Background: Detailed, comprehensive, and timely reporting on population health by underlying causes of disability and premature death is crucial to understanding and responding to complex patterns of disease and injury burden over time and across age... Read More about Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Outcomes in patients treated with loop diuretics without a diagnosis of heart failure: a retrospective cohort study (2024)
Journal Article
Cuthbert, J. J., Soyiri, I., Lomax, S. J., Turgoose, J., Fuat, A., Cohen, J., & Clark, A. L. (2024). Outcomes in patients treated with loop diuretics without a diagnosis of heart failure: a retrospective cohort study. Heart, 110(12), 854-862. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2023-323577

Background Loop diuretics are commonly prescribed in the community, not always to patients with a recorded diagnosis of heart failure (HF). The rate of HF events in patients prescribed loop diuretics without a diagnosis of HF is unknown. Methods This... Read More about Outcomes in patients treated with loop diuretics without a diagnosis of heart failure: a retrospective cohort study.

Ethics guidelines for environmental epidemiologists (2024)
Journal Article
Etzel, R. A., Abbas, N. H., Anastario, M. P., Mustapha, A., Osuolale, O., Sarkar, A., Soyiri, I. N., Whaibeh, E., & Soskolne, C. L. (2024). Ethics guidelines for environmental epidemiologists. Environmental Epidemiology, 8(2), Article E299. https://doi.org/10.1097/EE9.0000000000000299

Recognition of the importance to environmental epidemiology of ethical and philosophical deliberation led, in 1996, to the establishment of Ethics Guidelines for the profession. In 1999, these guidelines were adopted by the International Society for... Read More about Ethics guidelines for environmental epidemiologists.

Breathlessness limiting exertion in very old adults: findings from the Newcastle 85+ study (2023)
Journal Article
Johnson, M. J., Pitel, L., Currow, D. C., Forbes, C., Soyiri, I., & Robinson, L. (2023). Breathlessness limiting exertion in very old adults: findings from the Newcastle 85+ study. Age and ageing, 52(9), Article afad155. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afad155

INTRODUCTION: Long-term breathlessness is more common with age. However, in the oldest old (>85years), little is known about the prevalence, or impact of breathlessness. We estimated breathlessness limiting exertion prevalence and explored (i) associ... Read More about Breathlessness limiting exertion in very old adults: findings from the Newcastle 85+ study.

Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (2023)
Journal Article
Momtazmanesh, S., Moghaddam, S. S., Ghamari, S. H., Rad, E. M., Rezaei, N., Shobeiri, P., Aali, A., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abbasi-Kangevari, Z., Abdelmasseh, M., Abdoun, M., Abdulah, D. M., Md Abdullah, A. Y., Abedi, A., Abolhassani, H., Abrehdari-Tafreshi, Z., Achappa, B., Adane, D. E. A., Adane, T. D., Addo, I. Y., …Soyiri, I. (2023). Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. EClinicalMedicine, 59, Article 101936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101936

Background: Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are vital in their prevention, control, and treatment in the path to achieving the third UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a one-third reduction in premature mortality from non-co... Read More about Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Mapping development and health effects of cooking with solid fuels in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–18: a geospatial modelling study (2022)
Journal Article
Frostad, J. J., Nguyen, Q. A. P., Baumann, M. M., Blacker, B. F., Marczak, L. B., Deshpande, A., Wiens, K. E., LeGrand, K. E., Johnson, K. B., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abdoli, A., Abolhassani, H., Abreu, L. G., Abrigo, M. R., Abu-Rmeileh, N. M., Adekanmbi, V., Agrawal, A., Ahmed, M. B., Al-Aly, Z., Alanezi, F. M., …Soyiri, I. (2022). Mapping development and health effects of cooking with solid fuels in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–18: a geospatial modelling study. The Lancet global health, 10(10), e1395-e1411. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X%2822%2900332-1

Background: More than 3 billion people do not have access to clean energy and primarily use solid fuels to cook. Use of solid fuels generates household air pollution, which was associated with more than 2 million deaths in 2019. Although local patter... Read More about Mapping development and health effects of cooking with solid fuels in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–18: a geospatial modelling study.

Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020 (2022)
Journal Article
Bryazka, D., Reitsma, M. B., Griswold, M. G., Abate, K. H., Abbafati, C., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abbasi-Kangevari, Z., Abdoli, A., Abdollahi, M., Abdullah, A. Y. M., Abhilash, E. S., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Acuna, J. M., Addolorato, G., Adebayo, O. M., Adekanmbi, V., Adhikari, K., Adhikari, S., Adnani, Q. E. S., Afzal, S., …Soyiri, I. (2022). Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020. Lancet, 400(10347), 185-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2822%2900847-9

Background: The health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk depends, in part... Read More about Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020.

Estimates, trends, and drivers of the global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM2·5 air pollution, 1990–2019: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (2022)
Journal Article
Burkart, K., Causey, K., Cohen, A. J., Wozniak, S. S., Salvi, D. D., Abbafati, C., Adekanmbi, V., Adsuar, J. C., Ahmadi, K., Alahdab, F., Al-Aly, Z., Alipour, V., Alvis-Guzman, N., Amegah, A. K., Andrei, C. L., Andrei, T., Ansari, F., Arabloo, J., Aremu, O., Aripov, T., …Soyiri, I. (2022). Estimates, trends, and drivers of the global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM2·5 air pollution, 1990–2019: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Planetary Health, 6(7), e586-e600. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196%2822%2900122-X

Background: Experimental and epidemiological studies indicate an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In view of the high and increasing prevalence of diabetes, we aimed to quant... Read More about Estimates, trends, and drivers of the global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM2·5 air pollution, 1990–2019: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Adolescent transport and unintentional injuries: a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (2022)
Journal Article
Peden, A. E., Cullen, P., Francis, K. L., Moeller, H., Peden, M. M., Ye, P., Tian, M., Zou, Z., Sawyer, S. M., Aali, A., Abbasi-Kangevari, Z., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abdelmasseh, M., Abdoun, M., Abd-Rabu, R., Abdulah, D. M., Abdurehman, A. M., Abebe, G., Abebe, A. M., Abedi, A., …Soyiri, I. (2022). Adolescent transport and unintentional injuries: a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet. Public Health, 7(8), e657-e669. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667%2822%2900134-7

Background: Globally, transport and unintentional injuries persist as leading preventable causes of mortality and morbidity for adolescents. We sought to report comprehensive trends in injury-related mortality and morbidity for adolescents aged 10–24... Read More about Adolescent transport and unintentional injuries: a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Burden of non-communicable diseases among adolescents aged 10–24 years in the EU, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 (2022)
Journal Article
Armocida, B., Monasta, L., Sawyer, S., Bustreo, F., Segafredo, G., Castelpietra, G., Ronfani, L., Pasovic, M., Hay, S., Abila, D. B., Abolhassani, H., Accrombessi, M. M. K., Adekanmbi, V., Ahmadi, K., Al Hamad, H., Aldeyab, M. A., Al-Jumaily, A., Ancuceanu, R., Andrei, C. L., Andrei, T., …Soyiri, I. (2022). Burden of non-communicable diseases among adolescents aged 10–24 years in the EU, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 6(6), 367-383. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642%2822%2900073-6

Background: Disability and mortality burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have risen worldwide; however, the NCD burden among adolescents remains poorly described in the EU. Methods: Estimates were retrieved from the Global Burden of Diseases,... Read More about Burden of non-communicable diseases among adolescents aged 10–24 years in the EU, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019.

Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of chewing tobacco use in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (2021)
Journal Article
Kendrick, P. J., Reitsma, M. B., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abdoli, A., Abdollahi, M., Abedi, A., Abhilash, E. S., Aboyans, V., Adebayo, O. M., Advani, S. M., Ahinkorah, B. O., Ahmad, S., Ahmadi, K., Ahmed, H., Aji, B., Akalu, Y., Akunna, C. J., Alahdab, F., Al-Aly, Z., Alanezi, F. M., …Soyiri, I. (2021). Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of chewing tobacco use in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet. Public Health, 6(7), e482-e499. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667%2821%2900065-7

Background: Chewing tobacco and other types of smokeless tobacco use have had less attention from the global health community than smoked tobacco use. However, the practice is popular in many parts of the world and has been linked to several adverse... Read More about Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of chewing tobacco use in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (2021)
Journal Article
Reitsma, M. B., Kendrick, P. J., Ababneh, E., Abbafati, C., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abdoli, A., Abedi, A., Abhilash, E. S., Abila, D. B., Aboyans, V., Abu-Rmeileh, N. M., Adebayo, O. M., Advani, S. M., Aghaali, M., Ahinkorah, B. O., Ahmad, S., Ahmadi, K., Ahmed, H., Aji, B., Akunna, C. J., …Soyiri, I. (2021). Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet, 397(10292), 2337-2360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2821%2901169-7

Background: Ending the global tobacco epidemic is a defining challenge in global health. Timely and comprehensive estimates of the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden are needed to guide tobacco control efforts nationall... Read More about Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.