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Evolving a Circular Plastics Economy

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Professor Richard Barnes

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Professor Rudi Wurzel R.K.Wurzel@hull.ac.uk
Professor of Comparative European Politics and Jean Monnet Chair in European Union Studies.

Dr Felix Why

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Dr Vicky Skoulou V.Skoulou@hull.ac.uk
Graduate Research Director (GRD) of School of Engineering ; Assoc. Professor (Senior Lecturer) in Chemical Engineering ; PI of the B3: Biomass Waste- BioenergH2- Biochars Challenge Group of PGRs and PDRAs

Dr Victoria-Sophie Osburg

Dr Sharif Zein

Professor Daniel Parsons

Dr Michael Farrelly

Coordination chemistry of the calix[6]arene system: application in polymerisation catalysis and beyond (2025)
Journal Article
Redshaw, C. (in press). Coordination chemistry of the calix[6]arene system: application in polymerisation catalysis and beyond. Dalton Transactions : an international journal of inorganic chemistry, https://doi.org/10.1039/d5dt00473j

This perspective looks at structurally characterized examples of metal-based calix[6]arene complexes, focusing on the coordination chemistry adopted and their applications, primarily in polymerisation catalysis. In particular, we look at our attempts... Read More about Coordination chemistry of the calix[6]arene system: application in polymerisation catalysis and beyond.

Tin Complexes Derived from the Acids Ph<inf>2</inf>C(X)CO<inf>2</inf>H (X = OH, NH<inf>2</inf>): Structure and ROP Capability (2025)
Journal Article
Prior, T. J., & Redshaw, C. (2025). Tin Complexes Derived from the Acids Ph2C(X)CO2H (X = OH, NH2): Structure and ROP Capability. Catalysts, 15(3), Article 261. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal15030261

Interaction of [Sn(OtBu)4] with the acid 2,2′-diphenylgylcine, Ph2C(X)CO2H (X = NH2), affords the complex {Sn[Ph2C(NH2)(CO2)]4}·2MeCN (1·2MeCN) after work-up, whereas when X = OH (benzilic acid), the complex {Sn[Ph2C(O)(CO2)]2(CH3CO2H)2} (2) is isola... Read More about Tin Complexes Derived from the Acids Ph<inf>2</inf>C(X)CO<inf>2</inf>H (X = OH, NH<inf>2</inf>): Structure and ROP Capability.

Metal-organic frameworks of p-hydroxybenzoic acid: synthesis, structure and ring opening polymerization capability (2024)
Journal Article
Gong, Y., Sharp, S. J., Elsegood, M. R., & Redshaw, C. (2024). Metal-organic frameworks of p-hydroxybenzoic acid: synthesis, structure and ring opening polymerization capability. RSC advances, 14(51), 37895-37901. https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ra06361a

Two new, isostructural, metal-organic frameworks {[Co(O2CC6H4O)(DMF)]2}n and {[Mn(O2CC6H4O)(DMF)]2}n have been synthesised and structurally characterized. Use of p-hydroxybenzoic acid resulted in a three-dimensional MOF featuring a linker with a carb... Read More about Metal-organic frameworks of p-hydroxybenzoic acid: synthesis, structure and ring opening polymerization capability.

Extended Hydrogen-Bonded Molybdenum Arrays Derived from Carboxylic Acids and Dianilines: ROP Capability of the Complexes and Parent Acids and Dianilines (2024)
Journal Article
Clegg, W., Elsegood, M. R., & Redshaw, C. (2024). Extended Hydrogen-Bonded Molybdenum Arrays Derived from Carboxylic Acids and Dianilines: ROP Capability of the Complexes and Parent Acids and Dianilines. Catalysts, 14(3), Article 214. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14030214

From reactions involving sodium molybdate and dianilines [2,2′-(NH2)C6H4]2(CH2)n (n = 0, 1, 2) and amino-functionalized carboxylic acids 1,2-(NH2)(CO2H)C6H4 or 2-H2NC6H3-1,4-(CO2H)2, in the presence of Et3N and Me3SiCl, products adopting H-bonded net... Read More about Extended Hydrogen-Bonded Molybdenum Arrays Derived from Carboxylic Acids and Dianilines: ROP Capability of the Complexes and Parent Acids and Dianilines.

Reaction of Ph2C(X)(CO2H) (X = OH, NH2) with [VO(OR)3] (R = Et, nPr): Structure, magnetic susceptibility and ROP capability (2024)
Journal Article
Glenister, M. A., Frese, J. W., Elsegood, M. R., Canaj, A. B., Brechin, E. K., & Redshaw, C. (2024). Reaction of Ph2C(X)(CO2H) (X = OH, NH2) with [VO(OR)3] (R = Et, nPr): Structure, magnetic susceptibility and ROP capability. Dalton Transactions : an international journal of inorganic chemistry, 53(12), 5351-5355. https://doi.org/10.1039/d4dt00078a

Reaction of [VO(OR)3] (R = Et, nPr) with 2,2′-diphenylglycine afforded the alkoxide-bridged dimers {[VO(OR)(μ-OR)][Ph2C(NH2)(CO2)]}2, whereas use of benzilic acid, in the presence of alkali metals, afforded 16-membered metallocycles {V8(O)4M(OR)8[Ph2... Read More about Reaction of Ph2C(X)(CO2H) (X = OH, NH2) with [VO(OR)3] (R = Et, nPr): Structure, magnetic susceptibility and ROP capability.

Mixed-magnesium/zinc calix[4]arene complexes: structure, and ring opening polymerisation studies (2023)
Journal Article
Banks, H. J., Frese, J. W., Elsegood, M. R., & Redshaw, C. (2024). Mixed-magnesium/zinc calix[4]arene complexes: structure, and ring opening polymerisation studies. Chemical communications : Chem comm / the Royal Society of Chemistry, 60(3), 304-307. https://doi.org/10.1039/d3cc04899c

Different combinations of organomagnesium reagents and zinc bromide react with either 1,3-dimethoxy-4-tert-butylcalix[4]areneH2 (L(OMe)2H2) or trialkoxycalix[4]arenes (L(OR)3H) (R = n-Pr, n-pentyl) to afford mixed-metal calix[4]arene systems. Intrigu... Read More about Mixed-magnesium/zinc calix[4]arene complexes: structure, and ring opening polymerisation studies.

Ring Opening Polymerization of Lactides and Lactones by Multimetallic Titanium Complexes Derived from the Acids Ph2C(X)CO2H (X = OH, NH2) (2022)
Journal Article
Zhang, X., Prior, T. J., Chen, K., Santoro, O., & Redshaw, C. (2022). Ring Opening Polymerization of Lactides and Lactones by Multimetallic Titanium Complexes Derived from the Acids Ph2C(X)CO2H (X = OH, NH2). Catalysts, 12(9), Article 935. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12090935

The reactions of the titanium alkoxide [Ti(OR)4] (R = Me, nPr, iPr, tBu) with the acids 2,2’-Ph2C(X)(CO2H), where X = OH and NH2, i.e., benzilic acid (2,2’-diphenylglycolic acid, L1H2), and 2,2’-diphenylglycine (L2H3), have been investigated. The var... Read More about Ring Opening Polymerization of Lactides and Lactones by Multimetallic Titanium Complexes Derived from the Acids Ph2C(X)CO2H (X = OH, NH2).

Trinuclear zinc calix[4]arenes: synthesis, structure, and ring opening polymerization studies (2022)
Journal Article
Xing, T., Frese, J., Derbyshire, M., Glenister, M. A., Elsegood, M. R. J., & Redshaw, C. (2022). Trinuclear zinc calix[4]arenes: synthesis, structure, and ring opening polymerization studies. Dalton Transactions : an international journal of inorganic chemistry, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2dt01496c

The trinuclear zinc calix[4]arene complexes [Zn3(O2CCH3)2(L(O)2(OMe)2)2·xMeCN (x = 7.5, 1; x = 6, 1′), [Zn3(O2CCH3)2(L(O)2(OnPr)2)2·5MeCN (2·5MeCN), [Zn3(OEt)2(L(O)2(OMe)2)2]·4MeCN (3·4MeCN), [Zn3(OEt)2(L(Opentyl)2)2]·4.5MeCN (4·4.5MeCN) and [Zn3(OH)... Read More about Trinuclear zinc calix[4]arenes: synthesis, structure, and ring opening polymerization studies.

Niobium and Tantalum complexes derived from the acids Ph<inf>2</inf>C(X)CO<inf>2</inf>H (X = OH, NH<inf>2</inf>): synthesis, structure and ROP capability (2022)
Journal Article
Zhang, X., Prior, T. J., & Redshaw, C. (2022). Niobium and Tantalum complexes derived from the acids Ph2C(X)CO2H (X = OH, NH2): synthesis, structure and ROP capability. New journal of chemistry = Nouveau journal de chimie, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2nj02527b

Reaction of benzilic acid, Ph2C(OH)(CO2H), L1H2, with equimolar amounts of M(OR)5 (M = Nb, Ta) led, following work-up, to the tetranuclear complexes [Nb4(OEt)8(L1)4(μ-O)2] (1) or [Ta4(OEt)8(L1)4(μ-O)2]·0.5MeCN (2·0.5MeCN), respectively. Similar use o... Read More about Niobium and Tantalum complexes derived from the acids Ph<inf>2</inf>C(X)CO<inf>2</inf>H (X = OH, NH<inf>2</inf>): synthesis, structure and ROP capability.

Mixed-metal calix[8]arene complexes: structure, and ring opening polymerisation studies (2022)
Journal Article
Xing, T., Derbyshire, M., Elsegood, M. R., & Redshaw, C. (2022). Mixed-metal calix[8]arene complexes: structure, and ring opening polymerisation studies. Chemical communications : Chem comm / the Royal Society of Chemistry, 58(53), 7427-7430. https://doi.org/10.1039/d2cc02236b

Reactions of différent combinations of group V alkoxides or tungsten oxyalkoxide salts with p-tert-butylcalix[8]areneH8 (L8H8) affords mixed-metal calix[8]arene systems. Intruiging molecular structures are formed and the systems are capable of the ri... Read More about Mixed-metal calix[8]arene complexes: structure, and ring opening polymerisation studies.