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Impact of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction on athletic performance and airway health in rugby union players (2014)
Journal Article
Dickinson, J., Ingle, L., Greenwell, J., & Spiteri, D. B. (2014). Impact of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction on athletic performance and airway health in rugby union players. International sportmed journal for FIMS ISMJ, 15(4), 333-342

All rights reserved. Background: There is emerging evidence that the prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) is significantly under-reported in many sports. There is little known about the potential performance improvement that may exist wh... Read More about Impact of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction on athletic performance and airway health in rugby union players.

Cardiometabolic health benefits of a six-week high-intensity interval training intervention : a case study (2014)
Journal Article
Siddall-Gleadall, D., Gritt, J., Burke, R., O'Carroll, G., Bray, J., Ingle, L., & Garrett, A. (2014). Cardiometabolic health benefits of a six-week high-intensity interval training intervention : a case study. Journal of sports sciences, 32(Supplement 2), s28-s32. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2014.968381

Regular physical activity is recommended for patients diagnosed with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and Type 2 Diabetes. However, "lack of time" is a common cited barrier in achieving the recommended weekly physical activity guidelines. High-intens... Read More about Cardiometabolic health benefits of a six-week high-intensity interval training intervention : a case study.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing: an overview (2014)
Journal Article
McGregor, G., & Ingle, L. (2014). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing: an overview. British journal of cardiac nursing, 9(11), 541-543. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2014.9.11.541

A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPEX or CPET) is an exercise tolerance test which combines the standard measures of electrocardiography (ECG) and blood pressure with ventilatory gas exchange data. Despite having been available for many years, CPEX h... Read More about Cardiopulmonary exercise testing: an overview.

Effectiveness of a six-week high-intensity interval training programme on cardiometabolic markers in sedentary males (2014)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Gleadall-Siddall, D., Burke, R., Gritt, J., O'Carroll, G., Bray, J., Ingle, L., & Garrett, A. Effectiveness of a six-week high-intensity interval training programme on cardiometabolic markers in sedentary males. Presented at BASES Conference 2014

High-intensity interval training (HIT) has been proposed as an effective, time efficient strategy to elicit similar cardiometabolic health benefits as traditional moderate-intensity endurance training. This is an important consideration as "lack of t... Read More about Effectiveness of a six-week high-intensity interval training programme on cardiometabolic markers in sedentary males.

Variability of automated carotid intima-media thickness measurements by novice operators (2014)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., Milner, M., Meijer, R., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2016). Variability of automated carotid intima-media thickness measurements by novice operators. Clinical physiology and functional imaging, 36(1), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12189

Carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) measurements provide a non-invasive assessment of sub-clinical atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to assess the inter- and intra-observer variability of automated C-IMT measurements undertaken by two novi... Read More about Variability of automated carotid intima-media thickness measurements by novice operators.

The relation between repeated 6-minute walk test performance and outcome in patients with chronic heart failure (2014)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., Cleland, J. G., & Clark, A. L. (2014). The relation between repeated 6-minute walk test performance and outcome in patients with chronic heart failure. Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 57(4), 244-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.004

Objective: To assess the prognostic implications of the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) distance measured twice, one year apart, in a large sample of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) followed for an extended period ( > . 8. years from baseline).... Read More about The relation between repeated 6-minute walk test performance and outcome in patients with chronic heart failure.

The long-term prognostic significance of 6-minute walk test distance in patients with chronic heart failure (2014)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., Cleland, J. G., & Clark, A. L. (2014). The long-term prognostic significance of 6-minute walk test distance in patients with chronic heart failure. Biomed research international, 2014, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/505969

Background. The 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) is used to assess patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The prognostic significance of the 6-MWT distance during long-term followup ( > 5 years) is unclear. Methods. 1,667 patients (median [inter-quarti... Read More about The long-term prognostic significance of 6-minute walk test distance in patients with chronic heart failure.

Development of a composite model derived from cardiopulmonary exercise tests to predict mortality risk in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure (2014)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., Rigby, A. S., Sloan, R., Carroll, S., Goode, K. M., Cleland, J. G., & Clark, A. L. (2014). Development of a composite model derived from cardiopulmonary exercise tests to predict mortality risk in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure. Heart, 100(10), 781-786. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304614

Objective: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is used to predict outcome in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure (HF). Single CPET-derived variables are often used, but we wanted to see if a composite score achieved better predictive pow... Read More about Development of a composite model derived from cardiopulmonary exercise tests to predict mortality risk in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure.

Variability in heart rate recovery measurements over 1 year in healthy, middle-aged adults (2014)
Journal Article
Mellis, M. G., Ingle, L., & Carroll, S. (2014). Variability in heart rate recovery measurements over 1 year in healthy, middle-aged adults. International journal of sports medicine, 35(2), 135-138. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1349091

This study assessed the longer-term (12-month) variability in post-exercise heart rate recovery following a submaximal exercise test. Longitudinal data was analysed for 97 healthy middle-aged adults (74 male, 23 female) from 2 occasions, 12 months ap... Read More about Variability in heart rate recovery measurements over 1 year in healthy, middle-aged adults.

The variability of high intensity exercise tests in pre-pubertal boys (2013)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., & Tolfrey, K. (2013). The variability of high intensity exercise tests in pre-pubertal boys. International journal of sports medicine, 34(12), 1063-1069. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1327714

The aim of the study was to determine the variability of different performance tests during high intensity exercise in active, untrained pre- and early pubertal boys. Participants were habituated to the Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT), force-velocity t... Read More about The variability of high intensity exercise tests in pre-pubertal boys.

Effects of reducing inspired oxygen concentration for one hour in patients with chronic heart failure: implications for air travel (2013)
Journal Article
Hobkirk, J. P., Damy, T., Walters, M., Bennett, A., Smith, S. J., Ingle, L., Clark, A. L., & Cleland, J. G. (2013). Effects of reducing inspired oxygen concentration for one hour in patients with chronic heart failure: implications for air travel. European journal of heart failure, 15(5), 505-510. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hft003

AimsThe objective of this study was to establish the acute effects of hypoxia on clinical, spirometric, haemodynamic, and echocardiographic variables. Reducing inspired oxygen to 15%, as experienced during commercial air travel, decreases arterial ox... Read More about Effects of reducing inspired oxygen concentration for one hour in patients with chronic heart failure: implications for air travel.

Abnormalities of the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide in patients with chronic heart failure (2012)
Journal Article
Ingle, L., Sloan, R., Carroll, S., Goode, K., Cleland, J. G., & Clark, A. L. (2012). Abnormalities of the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide in patients with chronic heart failure. Pulmonary Medicine, 2012, 589164. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/589164

Introduction. The relation between minute ventilation (VE) and carbon dioxide production (VCO(2)) can be characterised by the instantaneous ratio of ventilation to carbon dioxide production, the ventilatory equivalent for CO(2) (VEqCO(2)). We hypothe... Read More about Abnormalities of the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide in patients with chronic heart failure.

Cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate recovery in obese premenopausal women (2012)
Journal Article
Carroll, S., Marshall, P., Ingle, L., & Borkoles, E. (2012). Cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate recovery in obese premenopausal women. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 22(6), e133-e139. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01522.x

Post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR) has been proposed as a measure of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in apparently healthy adults. We aimed to determine the effects of a lifestyle intervention on HRR among clinically obese premenopausal women. A r... Read More about Cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate recovery in obese premenopausal women.

Physical activity and cardiovascular mortality risk: possible protective mechanisms? (2012)
Journal Article
Hamer, M., Ingle, L., Carroll, S., & Stamatakis, E. (2012). Physical activity and cardiovascular mortality risk: possible protective mechanisms?. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 44(1), 84-88. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3182251077

INTRODUCTION: The biological mechanisms through which increased physical activity or structured exercise training lowers the risk of recurrent cardiac events are incompletely understood. We examined the extent to which modification of primary risk ma... Read More about Physical activity and cardiovascular mortality risk: possible protective mechanisms?.

Influence of step length on 6-minute walk test performance in patients with chronic heart failure (2011)
Journal Article
Pepera, G. K., Sandercock, G. R., Sloan, R., Cleland, J. J., Ingle, L., & Clark, A. L. (2012). Influence of step length on 6-minute walk test performance in patients with chronic heart failure. Physiotherapy, 98(4), 325-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2011.08.005

Objective: To investigate the influence of gait parameters including step length and walking speed during performance of the 6-minute walking test (6MWT) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Design: Observational study. Setting: Specialist h... Read More about Influence of step length on 6-minute walk test performance in patients with chronic heart failure.

Differential Improvements in Lipid Profiles and Framingham Recurrent Risk Score in Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Long-Term Cardiac Rehabilitation (2011)
Journal Article
Carroll, S., Tsakirides, C., Hobkirk, J., Moxon, J. W. D., Dudfield, M., & Ingle, L. (2011). Differential Improvements in Lipid Profiles and Framingham Recurrent Risk Score in Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Long-Term Cardiac Rehabilitation. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 92(9), 1382-1387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2011.04.013

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether lipid profiles and recurrent coronary heart disease (CHD) risk could be modified in patients with and without diabetes mellitus undergoing long-term cardiac rehabilitation (CR). DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of patien... Read More about Differential Improvements in Lipid Profiles and Framingham Recurrent Risk Score in Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Long-Term Cardiac Rehabilitation.