All Outputs (126)

Airflow rates and breathlessness recovery from submaximal exercise in healthy adults: prospective, randomised, cross-over study (2023)
Journal Article
Brew, A., O'Beirne, S., Johnson, M. J., Ramsenthaler, C., Watson, P., Rubini, P. A., Fagan, M. J., Swan, F., & Simpson, A. (online). Airflow rates and breathlessness recovery from submaximal exercise in healthy adults: prospective, randomised, cross-over study. BMJ supportive & palliative care, https://doi.org/10.1136/spcare-2023-004309

Objectives: Facial airflow from a hand-held fan may reduce breathlessness severity and hasten postexertion recovery. Data from randomised controlled trials are limited and the optimal airflow speed remains unknown. We aimed to determine the effect of... Read More about Airflow rates and breathlessness recovery from submaximal exercise in healthy adults: prospective, randomised, cross-over study.

Back to the bones: do muscle area assessment techniques predict functional evolution across a macroevolutionary radiation? (2021)
Journal Article
Bates, K. T., Wang, L., Dempsey, M., Broyde, S., Fagan, M. J., & Cox, P. G. (2021). Back to the bones: do muscle area assessment techniques predict functional evolution across a macroevolutionary radiation?. Interface, 18(180), Article 20210324. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2021.0324

Measures of attachment or accommodation area on the skeleton are a popular means of rapidly generating estimates of muscle proportions and functional performance for use in large-scale macroevolutionary studies. Herein, we provide the first evaluatio... Read More about Back to the bones: do muscle area assessment techniques predict functional evolution across a macroevolutionary radiation?.

Correction to: Evolutionary biomechanics: Hard tissues and soft evidence? (Proc. R. Soc. B (2021) 288 (20202809) DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2809) (2021)
Journal Article
Broyde, S., Dempsey, M., Wang, L., Cox, P. G., Fagan, M., & Bates, K. T. (2021). Correction to: Evolutionary biomechanics: Hard tissues and soft evidence? (Proc. R. Soc. B (2021) 288 (20202809) DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2809). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 288(1950), Article 20202809. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0831

Further analysis of our finite element (FE) models, as part of ongoing work, has revealed a systematic error running through all 30 models in our original analysis. In all 30 FE models, the force magnitudes applied to represent maximum isometric cont... Read More about Correction to: Evolutionary biomechanics: Hard tissues and soft evidence? (Proc. R. Soc. B (2021) 288 (20202809) DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2809).

Comparative cranial biomechanics in two lizard species: impact of variation in cranial design (2021)
Journal Article
Groning, F., Dutel, H., Gröning, F., Sharp, A. C., Watson, P. J., Herrel, A., Ross, C. F., Jones, M. E. H., Evans, S. E., & Fagan, M. J. (2021). Comparative cranial biomechanics in two lizard species: impact of variation in cranial design. The journal of experimental biology, 224(5), Article jeb.234831. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.234831

Cranial morphology in lepidosaurs is highly disparate and characterised by the frequent loss or reduction of bony elements. In varanids and geckos, the loss of the postorbital bar is associated with changes in skull shape, but the mechanical principl... Read More about Comparative cranial biomechanics in two lizard species: impact of variation in cranial design.

Evolutionary biomechanics: hard tissues and soft evidence? (2021)
Journal Article
Broyde, S., Dempsey, M., Wang, L., Cox, P. G., Fagan, M., & Bates, K. T. (2021). Evolutionary biomechanics: hard tissues and soft evidence?. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 288(1945), Article 20202809. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2809

Biomechanical modelling is a powerful tool for quantifying the evolution of functional performance in extinct animals to understand key anatomical innovations and selective pressures driving major evolutionary radiations. However, the fossil record i... Read More about Evolutionary biomechanics: hard tissues and soft evidence?.

The biomechanical role of the chondrocranium and the material properties of cartilage (2020)
Journal Article
Jones, M. E. H., Gröning, F., Aspden, R. M., Dutel, H., Sharp, A., Moazen, M., Fagan, M. J., & Evans, S. E. (2020). The biomechanical role of the chondrocranium and the material properties of cartilage. Vertebrate Zoology, 70(4), 699-715. https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-4-2020-10

The chondrocranium is the cartilage component of the vertebrate braincase. Among jawed vertebrates it varies greatly in structure, mineralisation, and in the extent to which it is replaced by bone during development. In mammals, birds, and some bony... Read More about The biomechanical role of the chondrocranium and the material properties of cartilage.

Mathematical modeling of canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathways in TNF stimulation (2020)
Journal Article
Ji, B., Zhang, Y., Zhen, C., Fagan, M. J., & Yang, Q. (2020). Mathematical modeling of canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathways in TNF stimulation. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 196, Article 105677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105677

Background and objective: NF-κB can be activated by the canonical and non-canonical pathways. These two pathways interplay via the TRAF1|NIK complex after stimulation by TNF. However existing mathematical models of two pathways are inadequate. In thi... Read More about Mathematical modeling of canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathways in TNF stimulation.

The influence of musculoskeletal forces on the growth of the prenatal cortex in the ilium: a finite element study (2020)
Journal Article
Watson, P. J., Fagan, M. J., & Dobson, C. A. (in press). The influence of musculoskeletal forces on the growth of the prenatal cortex in the ilium: a finite element study. Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering, https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2020.1777546

Remodelling and adaptation of bone within the pelvis is believed to be influenced by the mechanical strains generated during locomotion. Variation in the cortical bone thickness observed in the prenatal ilium has been linked to the musculoskeletal lo... Read More about The influence of musculoskeletal forces on the growth of the prenatal cortex in the ilium: a finite element study.

Towards an early 3D-diagnosis of craniofacial asymmetry by computing the accurate midplane: A PCA-based method (2020)
Journal Article
Ortún-Terrazas, J., Fagan, M. J., Cegoñino, J., Illipronti-Filho, E., & Pérez del Palomar, A. (2020). Towards an early 3D-diagnosis of craniofacial asymmetry by computing the accurate midplane: A PCA-based method. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 191, Article 105397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105397

Background and objective: Craniofacial asymmetry is a common growth disorder often caused by unilateral chewing. Although an early orthodontic treatment would avoid surgical procedures later in life, the uncertainty of defining the accurate sagittal... Read More about Towards an early 3D-diagnosis of craniofacial asymmetry by computing the accurate midplane: A PCA-based method.

A 3D cephalometric protocol for the accurate quantification of the craniofacial symmetry and facial growth (2019)
Journal Article
Pinheiro, M., Ma, X., Fagan, M. J., McIntyre, G. T., Lin, P., Sivamurthy, G., & Mossey, P. A. (2019). A 3D cephalometric protocol for the accurate quantification of the craniofacial symmetry and facial growth. Journal of Biological Engineering, 13(1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-019-0171-6

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: Cephalometric analysis is used to evaluate facial growth, to study the anatomical relationships within the face. Cephalometric assessment is based on 2D radiographic images, either the sagittal or coronal planes and... Read More about A 3D cephalometric protocol for the accurate quantification of the craniofacial symmetry and facial growth.

Neurocranial development of the coelacanth and the evolution of the sarcopterygian head (2019)
Journal Article
Dutel, H., Galland, M., Tafforeau, P., Long, J. A., Fagan, M. J., Janvier, P., Herrel, A., Santin, M. D., Clément, G., & Herbin, M. (2019). Neurocranial development of the coelacanth and the evolution of the sarcopterygian head. Nature, 569, 556–559. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1117-3

The neurocranium of sarcopterygian fishes was originally divided into an anterior (ethmosphenoid) and posterior (otoccipital) portion by an intracranial joint, and underwent major changes in its overall geometry before fusing into a single unit in lu... Read More about Neurocranial development of the coelacanth and the evolution of the sarcopterygian head.

Mathematical modelling of bone remodelling cycles including the NFκB signalling pathway (2019)
Journal Article
Ji, B., Zhang, Y., Zhen, C., Fagan, M. J., & Yang, Q. (2019). Mathematical modelling of bone remodelling cycles including the NFκB signalling pathway. Computers in biology and medicine, 107, 257-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2019.03.003

RANKL can promote the differentiation of osteoclast precursors into mature osteoclasts by binding to RANK expressed on the surfaces of osteoclast progenitor cells during bone remodelling. The NF-κB signalling pathway is downstream of RANKL and transm... Read More about Mathematical modelling of bone remodelling cycles including the NFκB signalling pathway.

Characterizing and Modeling Bone Formation during Mouse Calvarial Development (2019)
Journal Article
Marghoub, A., Libby, J., Babbs, C., Ventikos, Y., Fagan, M. J., & Moazen, M. (2019). Characterizing and Modeling Bone Formation during Mouse Calvarial Development. Physical review letters, 122(4), Article 048103. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.048103

© 2019 American Physical Society. The newborn mammalian cranial vault consists of five flat bones that are joined together along their edges by soft fibrous tissues called sutures. Early fusion of these sutures leads to a medical condition known as c... Read More about Characterizing and Modeling Bone Formation during Mouse Calvarial Development.

An assessment of the role of the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli in the cranium of the cat (Felis silvestris catus) (2018)
Journal Article
Sellés de Lucas, V., Dutel, H., Evans, S. E., Gröning, F., Sharp, A. C., Watson, P. J., & Fagan, M. J. (2018). An assessment of the role of the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli in the cranium of the cat (Felis silvestris catus). Interface, 15(147), Article 20180278. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0278

© 2018 The Author(s). The falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli are two projections of the dura mater in the cranial cavity which ossify to varying degrees in some mammalian species. The idea that the ossification of these structures may be necess... Read More about An assessment of the role of the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli in the cranium of the cat (Felis silvestris catus).

Bite force and cranial bone strain in four species of lizards (2018)
Journal Article
Ross, C. F., Porro, L. B., Herrel, A., Evans, S. E., & Fagan, M. J. (2018). Bite force and cranial bone strain in four species of lizards. The journal of experimental biology, 221(23), jeb.180240. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.180240

In vivo bone strain data provide direct evidence of strain patterns in the cranium during biting. Compared to mammals, in vivo bone strains in lizard skulls are poorly documented. This paper presents strain data from the skulls of Anolis equestris, G... Read More about Bite force and cranial bone strain in four species of lizards.

The role of miniaturization in the evolution of the mammalian jaw and middle ear (2018)
Journal Article
Lautenschlager, S., Gill, P. G., Luo, Z. X., Fagan, M. J., & Rayfield, E. J. (2018). The role of miniaturization in the evolution of the mammalian jaw and middle ear. Nature, 561(7724), 533-537. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0521-4

The evolution of the mammalian jaw is one of the most important innovations in vertebrate history, and underpins the exceptional radiation and diversification of mammals over the last 220 million years. In particular, the transformation of the mandi... Read More about The role of miniaturization in the evolution of the mammalian jaw and middle ear.

Mechanical adaptation of trabecular bone morphology in the mammalian mandible (2018)
Journal Article
Watson, P. J., Fitton, L. C., Meloro, C., Fagan, M. J., & Gröning, F. (2018). Mechanical adaptation of trabecular bone morphology in the mammalian mandible. Scientific reports, 8(1), Article 7277. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25597-0

Alveolar bone, together with the underlying trabecular bone, fulfils an important role in providing structural support against masticatory forces. Diseases such as osteoporosis or periodontitis cause alveolar bone resorption which weakens this struct... Read More about Mechanical adaptation of trabecular bone morphology in the mammalian mandible.

A biomechanical analysis of prognathous and orthognathous insect head capsules: Evidence for a many to one mapping of ridge strain to head strain (2018)
Journal Article
Blanke, A., Pinheiro, M., Watson, P. J., & Fagan, M. J. (2018). A biomechanical analysis of prognathous and orthognathous insect head capsules: Evidence for a many to one mapping of ridge strain to head strain. Journal of evolutionary biology, 31(5), 665-674. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13251

Insect head shapes are remarkably variable but the influences of these changes on biomechanical performance are unclear. Among “basal” winged insects, such as dragonflies, mayflies, earwigs, and stoneflies, some of the most prominent anatomical chang... Read More about A biomechanical analysis of prognathous and orthognathous insect head capsules: Evidence for a many to one mapping of ridge strain to head strain.

The potential role of variations in juvenile hip geometry on the development of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a biomechanical investigation (2018)
Journal Article
Pinheiro, M. D. S., Dobson, C., Clarke, N. M., & Fagan, M. (2018). The potential role of variations in juvenile hip geometry on the development of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a biomechanical investigation. Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering, 21(2), 194-200. https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2018.1437151

© 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCP) is one of the most poorly understood diseases in paediatric orthopaedics. One common trait of LCP is the marked morphological difference between healthy a... Read More about The potential role of variations in juvenile hip geometry on the development of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a biomechanical investigation.

New insights into the biomechanics of Legg-Calvé-Perthes’ disease: The role of epiphyseal skeletal immaturity in vascular obstruction (2018)
Journal Article
Pinheiro, M., Dobson, C. A., Perry, D., & Fagan, M. J. (2018). New insights into the biomechanics of Legg-Calvé-Perthes’ disease: The role of epiphyseal skeletal immaturity in vascular obstruction. Bone & joint research, 7(2), 148-156. https://doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.72.bjr-2017-0191.r1

Objectives Legg–Calvé–Perthes’ disease (LCP) is an idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head that is most common in children between four and eight years old. The factors that lead to the onset of LCP are still unclear; however, it is believed th... Read More about New insights into the biomechanics of Legg-Calvé-Perthes’ disease: The role of epiphyseal skeletal immaturity in vascular obstruction.